US1063681A - Metal-working machine. - Google Patents

Description

J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED A'UG. 17, 1911.

Patented June 3, 1913.

1l SHEETS-SHEET l.-

J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1911.

1,063,681 y Patented June 3, 1913.

11 SEEE TS-SHEET 2.

J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

duPLloATIoN FILED AUG. 17, 1911.

1,063,681 Patented June 3, 1913.

11 SHEETSSHEET 3.

J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 111111.17, 1911.

1,068,681. Patented June 3,1913.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 111111.17, 1911,

Patented June 3, 1913.

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J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1311` 1,068,681 Patented June 8, 1913.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

f Mgg@ J. HARTN-ESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1911.

1,063,681. Patented June 3, 1913.

l1 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

n MM vues @72756655 J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17. 1911.

1,063,681, Patented 1111193, 1913.

11 SHEETS-SHBET 8.

jy? v i Jwzes Haylzcese www /WM@ J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORMNG MACHINE.

AYPLXGATION FILED AUGA 17, 1911.

gj A atented June 3, 1913.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

l James Hari/cess WMF@ J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.

Patented June 3, 1913.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

@Zwan fw z' J. HARTNESS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 111111.17, 1911.

Patented June 3, 1913.

11 SHEBTSHEBT 11.

tinten s Atrus en TENT Ioiirioii.

HARTNESS, QF. SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.

METAL-wonxme MACHINE.

specification of Leners raient.

Patented June 3, 1913.-

Applcaztiom med August "17, 1911.' Serial No. 644,591.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HAR'rNEss, of

Springfield, in the county-of Vindsor and machines, and especially to the multi-spindie type.

A machine of the same general character as' that embodying the present invention forms the subject-matter of U. S. Letters Patent No. 912,676, granted February 16, 1909.

Like the invention set forth in said patent, one ofy the' objectsof the present invention is to secure the accurate registration'of the successive work spindles with the several operating tools, for unless this is accomplished preparatory to the operation of the tools, the work will not be accurate when finished.

Another object of the invention is to secure an accessibility of the various yoperating part-s, such for example as the slides which carry the tools, to permit the replacing of the tools with despatch.A

lnaddition to the twov principal features above named, the present invention has for its object to provide various other features of improvementwhich are hereinafter described and claimed and which are illustrated upon the accompanyingdrawings,

'l` he general features which are common to the machine of the aforesaid patent and to the machine of the present invention are,

first, a number of Workspindles disposed about a common axis about which they are moved step by step in one direction, second, a number of .tool holders likewise disposed about said common axis and operated so that the tools carried thereby may operate simultaneously upon the- .several pieces of work, and, third, automatic means for deter-l mining operative relation between each work spindle' and each tool slidev independently of the relation between the other work spindles and toolslides.

The present invention comprises a different form of tool holder, to wit, a substantially flat slide which may be gibbed upon its bed at its side edges so asl to overcome any torsional thrust due to the engagement of vthe tool and the work. Each tool slide, in addition to its capacity for longitudinal feeding movement, is laterally movable,-

lirs-t, toobtain the desired registration with the Work holder preparatory to operation of the tools upon the work, and, second, to retract the tools from the work at the end of the feed movement and thereby to prevent the 'tools' from scratching finishedy surfaces ofthe w'ork.

"0f, the accompanyingV drawings which illustrate one form in which the present in,- vention may be embodied: Figure 1 representsa front elevation. Fig. 2 represents a top plan View. Fig. 3 represents aneleva.-

tion of the right end. Fig. 4 represents an elevation of the left end. Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal vertical.` sectionv in the plane indicated by line 5-5 of Fig. 4.- Fig. 6 represents a vertical crosssection in two planes indicated byline 6--6 lof Fig. 2. Fig'. 7

represents a vertical cross `section v in the plane indicated by line'il-Z of Fig. 1. Fig.

S'represents a section through one of the gearing units, as indicated byline 8&8 -of Fig. 4. Fig. 9 illustrates adetail included in Fig.v 8. Fig. 10 represents an elevation,

mechanism for driving thev cam shafts on one side of the machine. Fig. 11 represents a' yview of the same mechanism as seen from the right of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 represents asectional View of a portion of a feed drum anda clutchlcontrolling lever operated by a 'cam'on thedrum. Fig. 13 represents a horizontal'section in the planes indicated by line 13-13 of Fig. 7. Fig. 1li represents a detail section of a'connection shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 15 represents'a horizontal section showing the mechanism for laterally shifting the cross .feed slides. Fig. 16 is a horizontal section showing mechanism 'for locking the work turret. Fig. 17 represents a horizontal section similar to Fig. 13, showing mechanism for imparting lateral movement to both ends of the gibs which guide the tool slides. Fig. 18 represents a vertical section through the same.

Vpartly in section, of gearing and clutch The same reference characters indicate the axes of the spindles. The spindles are rotatably mounted in a turret., and the turret is rotatably mounted -in the frame ofthe 'machine, the axes of the several spindles bey is formed or ing parallel to .the axis of the turret. The spindles are arranged yequidistantly about the axis of the t-urret so that they form an endless series. The turret is rotated step by step in one direction,'each step carrying it through an arc of 90 degrees. The spindles being equally spaced, each moves successively to the position occupied by the spindie neXt in advance. The axis of the work turret is horizontal, and the step by step ro-tation of the turret is begun and ended when two of the spindles are in one horizontal plane andV when the other two spindles are in another horizontal plane..v In other words, the relation of each spindle to the axis of the turret, when the -turret is stationary, is in a radius which is 45 degrees from the horizontal plane of the turret aXis. 4

The four tool slides whose feeding move the two slidescorresponding to the lowerspindles being arranged in another horizontal plane, each upper slide being immediately above the corresponding lower slide. This arrangement of the tool slides renders the slides equally accessible, because one lower slide and one upper slide are in the same vertical plane near the front of the machine, and the other lower slide and. upper slide are in another vertical plane near the rear of the machine, where the operator can easily reach them. v l

The work turret is indicated at 10, and the four work spindles which are'rotatably mounted in the turret are'indicated at 10a, 10b, 10, and 1,9. (See Fig. 4.) The turret ilixed on one end of a shaft 11 which is driven intermittently, as hereinafter explained. The turret 10 is almost entirely inclosed within a casing 12 forming a part of the frame of the.machine,'the cas` ing being formed with a bearing 13 in which the outer end pf the turret is supported. (See Fig. 5.) The innerend of the turret is supported by rollers such as that indicated at 14.

The machineis provided with four 'indes pendent driving mechanisms, one for each of the work spindles, 'said driving mechanisms being inclosed in heads or casings indicated at 15, 15", 15c and 15@ aiiixed to the frame. The spindles are. hollow, as shown by Figs. 4 and 5, and each is provided with la chuck 16.

Turret turning mechanisms-The mechanism by vwhich the work turret is rotated step by step is shown by Figs. 2, 3` and 5. grooved wheel or disk 17 is affixed to the other end of the shaft 11 to which t-he turret is aflixed. The out-er face of the disk 17 is provided with four pairs of strips or guides 18 which are so arranged as to form four radial grooves at angles of 90 degrees from each other. A gear wheel 19 carries two studs or anti-friction rolls 20, 20, disposed diametrically opposite each other, adapted to ent-er first one and then another of the grooves between the -strips 18 and turn the disk 17 step by step through arcs of 90 degrees'each. At the end of each quarter rotation of the [work turret, the turret is locked by mechanism,-'hereinafter explained, to hold it stationary until the beginning of the next quarter rotation. The gear 19 is not rotated continuously but is stationary during thefeeding movement of the tool slides and is automatically set in motion to turn the work turret only when all the tool slides have been retracted from the work. i

Tool LsZz'des.--Referring now to Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the upper front tool slide is indicated at 21, the upper rear tool slide at 22, the

Alower front tool slide at 23, and the lower rear tool slide at 24. The front cross slide is indicated `at 25, and the rear cross slide at 26. The slides 21, 22, 23 Iand 24 are substantially flat,` and they constitute one set .whose feeding movement is parallel to the axis of the spindles. These slides may be termed lthe longitudinal slides to distinguish them from `the cross slides 25 and 26. Each slide may be provided with one or more suitable tools, the cross slides 24, 25, being shown as equipped with tools 27 having cutters 28.

vThe longitudinal slides are mounted upon horizontal beds formed or secured in the frame'as indicated respectively at 21a, 22, 23a and'24". The/beds 21 and 22a are in the same horizontal plane, and the beds 23 and 24 are in a lower horizontal plane. The beds 21a and 23 are in the same vertical plane 'near the front of the machine, and the beds 22a and 24a are in another vertical plane at the rear ofthe machine. The longitudinal slides are held upon their beds by gibs 29 which engage the upper surfaces of the slides, and by gibs 30 which engage anges at the bottoms of the slides. The gibs 30 are arranged at the ends near the work turret, and the gibs 29 are arranged at the ends near the grou-ved wheel or disk 17. The gibs 29 and 30 which are located at the side edges of said slides serve no other function than to keep the slides seated upon the beds, and those on one side are separated far enough from those a't the other side to permit a lateral movement of the slides relatively thereto. The longitudinal movement of the slides is controlled by movable gibs 31, 32, 33 and 34. These gibs occupy longitudinal grooves formed'in the under surfaces of the slides. The movable gibs are substantially parallel to the axes of the spindles, but they are moved laterally, as hereinafter explained,.to bring about the desired registration of the; tools andthe Work, and to retract the tools late rally froml speed While another is moving at arelatively v slow speed. For this reason thel machine is provided with four cam shafts, one for each of -the longitudinal slides. The 'cam shafts are indicated at 21", 22", 23b and 2.4", and derive their power centrally either from thevfwork spindle driving mechanism, or -else more directly, from the main drive, according to the speed with Which said shafts are to be rotated to feed the 'tool slides. Each of these cam shafts is provided with a cam for feeding the tool slide to'v the Work and for retracting the sanie,vand,with various other canis Whose functions are hereinafter explained. For structural reasons the cams are all formed upon or attached to drums 35 in proximity to the longitudinal tool slides.

Each drum -is provided with. -a Wormgear 36 by which it is driven. The several Worm gears cooperate with . Worms 41, 42, 43 and 44, arranged at the sides of the machine. The worms are driven, as hereinafter described, to rotate the drums independently of each other.`

The path cams for operating the slides are grooves 37 in the peripheri'es of the drums. Each tool slide is pro-videdwith Vlongitudinal guides 38; in which is arranged an adjustable holder 39 for a cam roll-40." The members 39 are'ixed Witlrrelation to the slides by adjusting screws 45,the screws being threaded in the members 39 and yhaving Unthreaded shouldered portions engaging lugs 46 on the slides. worms 41, 42, 43 and 44 may beco-n'nected with gearing actuated by the main driving shaft for drivingithem at'V a rapid rateof speed, or With-independent gearing driven from. the spindle-driving mechanisms for driving them ata relatively yslow'rate ofspeed, said gearing being located in casings at the sides of the machine. As shown by Fig. y7, the worin 41 and the vvorm 43 are aiixed respectively to vertical shaft sections 41a and 43@ Whicliare arranged in alinement with each other in one of said casings. are affixed respectively to shaft sectionsv 42a and 44a Which are arranged :in .alineinent with each other in the other ofv said casing ,'s,..fv

The several shaft sections are independent of each other and are driven by independent gearing. Loosely mounted on the.. shaft 4 1- is a Worin wheel 41", andl on the other shaft sectnns are similar worm Wheels, indicated a pulley 50d.

(See Fig. 5.) The Iii likemanner the Worms 42 and 444 respectively at 42", 43b and V44". These worin Wheels are engaged by Worms 41, 42", 43 and 44C, which are driven intermittently, as hereinafterl explained, to drive the cam shafts at relatively slow, speeds. For driving the cam shafts at relatively rapid speeds, bevelgears 41d, 42d, 43d and 44,d are provided. i

These bevel gears are loosely mounted on bushingswhich surround the shaft sections.Y

As shown by Fig. 10, the gears 41d land 43d are driven by a gear 47, whereas the gears 42d and 44d at the rearlof the machine are driven by a bevel gear which is similar -to 'that at 47. Inasmuch as the. gearing at the back of the machine is in all respects like that at the front, a description of the front gearing Will be sufficient for both sets. Still referring to Fig. 10, the gear 47 is affixed to a shaft 48 Which is continuously driven, the shaft 49V (see Fig.- 2), by Which the gearing at the rear of the machine is driven beingv also continuously driven. The shafts 48 and 49 are pro-vided With pulleys 50, vghich are driven by belts- 50iL and 501 (see'Figs. 3 and 5), the belt 50a passing over a pulley 50, and the belt 50b passing over The pulley 5()c is affixed to a shaft 51 mountedin bearings in the upper .part of thev machine, and the pulley 5()d is affixed to a'fsliaft 52 mounted in bearingsat the lower'part of the machine," The shafts 51 'andf `52 are provided with pulleys 51a and'v 52, and the pulleys are connected by a by a main driving belt. (Not shown.) f-

As previously stated, the Worin gears and bevel gears on'the shaft sections 41, 42, 43a and 44? are all loose with relation to the shaft sections, and the bevel gears are continuously driven Whereas the Worin gears are intermittently driven. The hubs of the Wo-rm'gearsand bevel gears are provided with clutch teeth adapted to be engaged by complemental 'clutch teeth on the ends of sliding .clutch members 41e, 42", 43e and 44, so that said clutch members are adapted to vco-uple either the Worm gears or the bevel gears with their respective shaft sections and cause the shaft sections to be driven at relatively slow or relatively rapid speeds. As shown by Fig. 7, the clutch collars are slotted and the shaft sections are provided with' pins 54 which occupy the slots in the collars. The collars 41e and 42 are shown coupled with the. worm gears'41" and 42",

lWhile the collars 43 and- 44 are shown illustrated,yv the vtwo upper tool slides are being fed at relatively slow speeds while the two lower tpol slides are being fed at relatively rapid speeds. The four Worms 41, 42C, 43c and 44c are affixed to horizontal shafts 61, 62, 63, and G4, respectively. These -belt The puiley 52 (see Fig. y1)"is ico ' shafts are arranged on the-front and rear sav ' 56 passing over the complemental cone pulv.to

ley 57, of which one is associated with each of the four sets of gearing inclcsed in the driving heads or gears cases 15, 15b, 15c and 15d. The four sets of gearing inclosed in the said gear cases are identical in structure and arrangement except that they are disposed at diiferent angles, as shown by Fig. 4,.

Change speed gear mechanismffThe variable speed power transmitting mechanisms are arranged to drive the work spindles at varying speeds according to the cut to be performed by the tool, 'and they also control the speed at which tool slides are fed while makingtheir slow cutting strokes. The gear trains inclosed in the cases 15a and 15b de` l'rive their. power from the continuously tinuously rotating shaft 52. The shaft 51 `gears 59 and 60.

rotating-shaft 51, and those in the cases 15c and 15*1 derive their power from the conis provided witha gear 58 which engages (See Fig. 4.) The gear 59 drives the change-speed gearing in the casing 15, and the gear 60 drives similar gearing in the'casing 15b. In like manner the shaft 52 is provided with a gear 65 which engages gears 66 and 67. The gear 66 transmits power'to the gearing in the casing 15, while the gear 67 transmits power to the gearing in the casing 15d. Through the four trains of gearing in said gear cases, power is transmit-ted to the worms 41, 42C, 43 and 44C, by which the slide-moving cams are slowly rotated to feed the tool slides, and. also the four work spindles. The gearing inclosed in the casing 15, which is like the others,I is illustrated in detail by Fig. 8, and a description thereof will be sufficient for the four sets.

The gear 66 drives a gear 68 which constitutes one member of a friction clutch of the disk type. The disks are indicated as a whole at4 69, and the complemental clutch member is indicated at 79. The clutch members are mounted upon a hollow shaft 80 through which extends an operating rod 72 for controlling the clutch. The clutch member 79 is pinned to the hollow shaft 80, but the gear 68' -is looselymounted upon the shaft.l The gear 68 is driven continuously. and through. it the work spindle may be rotated at -various speeds, according to the arrangement ofthe various combinations of gears contained in the gear case. The ar- "rangement of gears shown on the drawing is adapted to drive the work spindle at the slowest speed. The train of gears for this speed may be traced as follows: pinion 70 which is aiiixed to a hollow shaft 75.

formed on the hub'of the gear 68, gear 71 loosely mounted on countershaft 81,pinion 73 formed on the hub of gear 71, and gear 74 loosely mounted on hollow shaft 75. Gear 74 is formed with an annular recess which is occupied by an annular flange having external ratchet teeth .7 6.

The toothed flange is a part of a collar 77 The gear 74 carries a pawl 78 which is adapted to coperate with the ratchet teeth 76 to drive the shaft 75. The. shaft is driven continuously, either by the pawl 78 or by one of the various trains of gears which are adapted to drive it faster. 'Whenever one of the faster gear trains is operatively coupled, the shaft 75 isv free to be driven at a faster speed, since the' ratchet and pawl do not in any way limit the speed of the shaft. When the shaft is driven at a faster speed, the gear 74 nevertheless continues to rotate at its constant slower speed` The hollow shaft 7 5 carries a flanged eol lar 82. The flange of the collar 82 is bored for the reception of dowel pins 83 which are affixed to a clutch disk 84s.` The disk 84 is atiixed to one end of an operating rod 85 which extends through the hollow shaft 75 and projects beyond the outer end thereof. The disk 84 is provided with teeth such as' the y one indicated at 86, which teeth are adapted to engage similar teeth 87 formed on a clutch disk 88. The disk 88 is mounted upon a stud shaft 89 aiiixed in the work turret 10. A pinion 90 is formed on the hub of 82 and preserve driving relation. Agrooved collar 93 is affixed to the outer end of the operating rod 85 and is engaged by an operating lever 94. The lever is pivoted at 95 and carries a setscrew 96 which is adapted to abut against the outer end of the operating rod 72. A spring 97 acting upon the rod 72 normally sets the disk clutch 68, 69, 79, but when the toothed clutch 84, 88. is disconnected, the disk clutch is released.

The cone pulley 57 is loosely mounted on the other end of the hollow shaft 75. This pulley is internally tapered so as to coperate with a friction cone member 98 alixed upon shaft 75. The collar 93 on the outer end of the operating rod 85 is adapted to engage one end of the cone pulley 57 when the clutch 84, 88. is connected, and to hold the pulley 57 in frictional engagement with the cone clutch member 98. The members 57 and 98 are. normally pressed together so long as the operating rod 85 is not retracted against the tension of the spring 92. rlhe spring 92 has .two functions, one of' which is to couple the 'toothed clutch 84, 88, to drive the work spindle, and,'second, to couple the friction clntch members 57, 98, todrivethe gearing which is provided for operatingthe tool slides at slow speed.` Each lever 94 is automatically operated by its corresponding cam shaft 'at `the completion of retrograde movement of the corresponding tool slide,

with two results: first,- the corresponding into registration with the complemental' clutch members84next in advance. After each quarter rotation of the work turret, the operating levers 94 are released, with vthe result that the toothed clutch members 84,88, become. automatically engaged to drive the spindles, and the friction clutch members-57 and 98 are again pressed together to drive'r the cam shafts and the ,camdrums at'slow peed to find the tool slides slowly.' Inciden-,l

tally, the disk clutch 68, 69, 79, is released when the other two -clutches'are released. The releasing of the disk'clutch is apreciantionary measure to avoid'u'gndue shoc when starting, when.v theI shaft 75 connected through one of the faster trains of gears to be driven at a speed faster than its slowest speed. The disk clutch performs its functions immediately after coupling the toothed clutch 84, 88. TheA relation of these two clutches may be understood by assuming that they are about to be thrown into operative driving relation from the position shown by Fig. 8. When the operating lever 94 is moved, both clutches are released, as-

sbown in this figure; but when the operating lever 94is released so that it may move from the position indicated by solid lines'to its normal position indicated'by dotted "lines, the clutch. member 84 engages the vclutch member 88 before the disk clutch is tightly set. Under'the conditions illustrated, the spindle 75 is being driven at slow speed','be cause the disk .clutch is. released. It therefore moves into engagement with the clutch member 88 onlywhen it is being driven at slow speed; but after having moved into engagement with the clutch member 88 the disk clutch becomes tightly.` set, whereupon one of the higher-speed gear trains may be set. in motion to drive the clutch member 84 at a greater speed.

fri;

Referring again to Fig. 8, it will be noted that for driving thework spindles at said higher rates ofv` speed, the shaft 80 is provided with the two change or slipl gears 200,

201, splined thereon to 4move into' engagey ment alternately with the gears '202, 208, respectively, pinned to the intermediate shaft. The shaft 75 has likewise splined upon it the two change or slip vgears 204,'

205, adapted to |inte'rmeshalternately an`d respectively with the gears 202,-and 206 onv the intermediate shaft. By` virtueof this construction the spindle driving-shaft' 75 may bedriven at any one of nine speeds; Anyf suitable devices may be employedl for shifting the change" gears, and'I-have'not illustrated the same in det-ail, though I have shown in Fig. 4, at 207 'and' 208, the ends of two controller rods by which such devices maybe actuated manually by the operator.

Each operating'lever' 94 is connected to one end of a rod 99", and each rod 99 is operated .'by'a rodl which extends toward -and abats against' the corresponding cam drum 35; The four rods which engage thecam drum are indicated at 101, 102, 103'and 104. (See Figs. 6 and 8). The form ofconnection between the latter rodsfand each of thev rods 99 is shown by Fig.v 9, which includes the Arod the lever 100.v The lother end of the lever One Aend ofthed rod 99Iispi'votally connectedk to one end of is rovidedwit-hl a socket for the rece'ps. tion o Atheselniisphericalfenduof the rod v 104'.' The 104 is a thrust rod.' and 'is' adapted to rockfthe lever 100 in onedi'rec-v tion only, so as to ret-racttherod 99 against the' tension ofthe springs 92 vand 97. The

springs hold the otherend vof the'rod 104A always against :the end of thecorresponding lcam drum.' Each cam drum'is provided 'witha cam" block for operating the corresponding thrust rod, said blocks' being indicated in Figs."1,2 and at'105; These cams are so located-on the drums that when the tool slides have been retracted preparatory tothe rotation ofthe turret to advance the work spindlesone step, and said drums are just coming to a state of rest, said cams respectively`engage the rods 104 and 'release'- are again set in motion after theturret has been rotated and indexedwillv subsequently be explained.

I shall now explain how the cam drums are driven at various speeds by their respective driving mechanism, to advance and retract the tool slides, and how the clutches 41,

42, 43e and 44e are automatically controlled to accomplish this purpose. It' may be stated preliminarily that said clutches are controlled inpart by the cam drums them- -selves,and in part by devices actuated by the turret-rotating mechanism, the latter serving to start the drums after the turret has completed its step and has advanced the work spindles to the next succeeding tool sides.

Each cam drum is provided with adjustable cam blocks 106, 121 and 122 for shiftingfthe clutch mechanism shown by Figs. 7, and 11, whereby the feeding of the tool slides may be made either fast or slow. One of these cam blocks is illustrated in detail by Fig. 12. Said cam block is split and is adapted to be clamped upon an. annular lflange 107 at one end of the drum. The `block 106 may be placed at any desired povbeing adapted to control one of the sliding clutch collars, 41e, 42e, 43e and 44e. The 1ever 110 is pivot-ally mounted upon a rock shaft 111 and is formed to engage a pin 112 carried by. a fork or shipper 113, said rock shaft being equipped with a handle 111*3L by which it` may be manually operated if desired. The shipper 113 engages the co-rre.

sponding sliding clutch member which is indicated at 43 at the lower part of Fig. 10 and at 41e at the upper part of Fig. 10. The shipper l113 is pivotally mounted upon a stud 114 carried by a rock arm 115, and the latter is mounted upon a stationary pivot indicated at 116 and may be yieldingly held in keither of two positions by a spring latch A three-fingered member 117 is mounted upon a -pivot stud at the free end of the rock arm 115. One of the fingers 'of said member 117 isadapted' to be engaged by a cam 118, and another of said fingers is adapted to be engaged by a cam 119. The cams 118 and 119 are afiixed to the shaft 48 or the shaft 49, as thecase may be, which said shafts are continuously rotated by the main drive. The third finger of the member 117 extends into a notch formed in a portion ofthe shipper 113.

When the lever 110 is thrown in o ne direction or another, it moves the rock arm 115 so as to place the three-fingered member 117 in the'path of the cam 118 or the cam 119, in consequence of which the three-fingered member will be swung about its pivot in one.

direction or the other by the cam, so that its third finger will rock the shipper 113 about the pivot 114 and thus throw the sliding clutch member into engagement with either the fast speed gear 43d or into engagement with the slow speed gear43b. The rock arm 115 is provided with a member 120 by-which it may be otherwise turned about its pivot 116, as hereinafter explained, to shift the three-fingered member from one of said cams to the other, and start the rotation of the drums after the turret has been advanced one step.

Each cam drumis provided with three cam blocks for operating-the lever 110. In

addition to the cam block 106 there are two other blocks, indicated-at 121 and 122. (See Fig. 3.) lThe function of each cam block 121 is to place the sliding clutch collar in driving relation with the slow speed gear when the tool slide is advancing the tool toward the work. The function of reach cam block 106 is to place the sliding clutch member in engagement with the fast speed gear atthe end of the feed stroke of the tool slide so that the tool slide will be retracted at fast speed; and the function of the cam block 122 is to shift the'sliding clutch collar back into engagement with the slow speed gear at the end of the retrograde movement of the feed slide, so that t-he cam shaft may be entirely disco-nnected from all driving mechanism by the action of the thrust rod 104 which disconnects the driving mechanism as previously explained.

After each quarter rotation of the work turret has been completed, the sliding clutch collars 41e, 42e, 43e and 44e are thrown into engagement with the fast speed bevel gears by the action of one of two cams carried by the gear 19 for the purpose of starting the cam drums in action again.' (See Fig. 3.) The said cams are indicated at 123 and 124, and they are adapted to act alternately upon rolls 125 carried by sleeves 120. As shown by Fig. 2, one of said sleeves is arranged near the front of the machine, and the other is. arranged near the rear o f the machine, diametrically opposite. Said sleeves are mounted on operating spindles 127 about which they are adapted to oscillate. Each sleeve is provided with two arms, said arms being indicated at 128. Each of the four arms 128 is adapted to abut against one of the members 120 of the shipper mechanism shown in Fig. 10, to shift the corresponding rock arm 115 to the position shown by the lower part o-f Fig. 10.y In this way the four cam shafts are started or set in action at fast speed. Thus after each quarter revolution of the' work turret, the cam shafts arev actuated at fast speed until the sliding clutch collars are shifted`into engagement with the slow speed gears by the action of the cam blocks 121 to cause said shaftseand caln drums to rotate at slow speed lor feedingY the tool slides. The several cam blocks willbe positioned t-o shift the sliding clutch c'ellarsin .due time to connect the cam shafts A with the slow driving mechanism before the tools engage thework, so that the tools will be fed slowly along the work.

Start/ng 4mecwf/m'sm. for work turret- As has been indicated, each of the cam drums 1s automatlcally` disconnected from all driving mechanism upon completion of a cycleof operations, the cam vdrums being independent of each other in `thus controlling themselves. As shown by Fig. 3, eachcam drum carries a camblock l ,.and 'theseblocks are arranged to enga-ge and displace tour plungers 131 'which are shown by Figs. 1, 2, 3l and 5. Each of the upper plungers 131 is connected with one oIt the lower plun` gers by a link or yoke 132. lThe two-yokes are connected midway lbetween their--ends by a bar 133, and this'bar, midwaybetween its ends, is pivotallyl connected to a stud .134

- which projects through -the upper end of, a

' adapted to Aslide: longitudinally. f The ,collar 1318. is connected with fthe hub ofthe main driving pulley 52a by dowel pins 139 so thatl it may slide along the shaft land at the same time be continuously driven b the-ilpulley.- The sliding collar is provide ed on the -shaft 52, andxprovided with-a the continuously ldriven pulley 52a and the pinion 141.

' Referring now to Fig. 3, the pinion -s conL l nected with the large gear 19through reduc? ing gearingcomprising a gear 142 andrpinL5 ionl 143,7t-he ar L12- engaging :the pinion 141, and the plnion 143 engaging the gear19. Thus power is impartedto the turret-rotating mechanism.'v'flhe'clutch member- 138 is controlled inthe following. manner:YThe lcam blocks 130- are so arranged' on their re#` spectiv'ecam drums as to' engage the plun gers v131 immediately before the .cam drums are ldisconnected vfrom'all driving mecha-- nis1n, and,just asi-they, are coming to .avstate -of rest, so that the cam blocks 130 w1ll stop whileA incoperative engagement with the plungers. A seach plunger 1s vrepelled by 1t`s camblock, it .moves one .end of one of the vertical links or yokes 1 32. The movements of the plungers are combined as each plunger is repelled, and the .movements are .transmitted to theycrossbar. 133. The combined movements of -two or three of the plungers are not sufficient tomove'the 'clutch 138 into' driving relation with the clutch member 140, but lall four of the plunge'rs must be repelled in order to im art vsutlicient movement to couple'theclutc members. When ythe last of the four cam drums 'becomes stationary, the sliding clutch member 138 is moved into engagement with the clutch member 140, thus forming a driving connection between with clutch` teeth adapted to engage complemental clutch teeth formed on a sleeve 140, loosely mount' gear 19, whereupon one of the two rolls or studs 20 on the gear 19 will coperatie with the grooved wheel or disk y17V to turn Ithe work turret. --The gear 19 carries two projections such as that indicated in Fig. 5 at 143, which are disposed at diametrically o posite points, their function" being to disconnect t-he :clutch member 138 when the" gear 19 has been rotated through 180 degrecs and has completed the rotative move# ment of the turret. For this purposev the' clutch lever 135 is provided 'with a plunger i 144, arranged in 'a socket' formed therein, and normally projected. toward t-he gear 19 by a spring145. The tension of the spring 145V is greater than that of the spring. 136

`'and is adapted to disengagethe clutch mem ber 138, against the tension of the spring 136, when the plunger 4144 is repelled by one .of the projections 1432.

Mechanism foin locking` work turret.- Four notches 146 are formed in the periphery of the turret l0. (See Fig. 16.) These notches are adapted to receive locking bolts .or -index 'pins 147 arranged'to slide in a socket .in the casing 12. Flat springs 148- acting against lthe outer ends of the bolts Lnormally tend to. throw the'bolts into lock-` Ling position. (See also Fig. .1.) The bolts are' automatically retracted against theten sion of the springs by cams 149 on the gear 19. There are two cams for this purpose, as shown by Fig. 3, and they are disposed diametricallyjoppcsite each other. I Each of said cams is extended-through a relatively flong arc for the-purpose of holding :the

locking-bolt retracted while the work turret ,is moving-ffrom one' position to another.-

The cams. cooperate Wit-h a lever lpivotally mounted on oneof 4 thelprightyspliidles 127,.` .The lever-is pivotally connected to one end of thered 151. -(See Figs. 1 and 2.) The other 'end of the rod is pi-votallyy connected vto 'an arm 152 keyed crotherwise yaiixed .to an upright rock shaft 153.

e (See Fig. 16.) -The vsaid shaft carries a plate ',154 on which-is aixed api-n 155,"occupying an opening in the bolt 147. A similar rock sha-ft 153a carries a'block 154l having a pin 155,t 'occupying an opening in the other lock# ing bolt 147; and the two rock shafts have arms 210, 211, respectively extending in opposite directions, which are connected by a link 2122 Said rock shafts-carry cams 213, which when the bolts are in locking position fbear against the face of the turret and'force its fiange 10B against the bearing in which the turret is journaled.

Lateral adjustment-of tool slides- As hereinbefore stated, the movable gibs 31, 32, 33 and 34 for the -longitudinal tool slides are movable laterally vand are automatically moved -first to place the tool slides in the ldesired operative relation to the work and to guide them during theirl feeding movements,

and then to retract the tools laterally fr`om the work to avoid scratching the work when the slides are' moved' backward. rlhe mechanism. for operating the movableV gibs is shown by Figs. 5,'7, 13 and 14. These gibs are supported at one end by oscillat-ory studs 156 and at the other end by collars 157l formed o'n or affixed to shafts 158. The gibs are provided with pins 159 which occupy grooves formed in the peripheries of the collars 157. The collars 157are eccentric with relation to the shafts 158 and their. function is to adjust the gibs vertically with relation to the tool slides. By sliding said collars on the shafts the gibs Inav be set angularly to cause the tools to cut tapering surfaces. One edge of each gib is inclined, as shown by Figs. 3 and 7, and t-he confronting face ofthe tool slide is correspondingly inclined. 1f there is any lateral play between the slides and' the movable gibs, the same may be eliminated by turning the shafts 158'to raise Athe gibs. The pins 159 fit closely in the groovesof the eccentric collars 157.- The studs 156 at the `other ends of the movable gibs have eccentric pins 160 which 'project into the gibs. The pins are affixed tothe studs, and

the latterare adapted to be turned in their bearings to impart movement to the gibs through themedium of the eccentric pins,

-the eccentric pins being so arranged as 'to move the gibs laterally when the studs are turned. The pins 1 59 at 'the opposite ends of the gibs act as pivots when the gibs are moved by the pins 160. The gibs are so long relatively tothe movement of the tool slides that there `will be practically no variation in the'diameter of the -Work due to a minute angularity of the gib relatively to the work axis.

The' eccentric studs for the four gibs are operated byv rods indicated at 161, 162, 163

and 164, which are arranged to abut against the inner face of -the turret-rotating wheel or `disk 17, asshown by Figs. 5 and 13. Each rod is bored for the reception of a spring 165 and follower 166,'and the followers arearranged to abut against portions of the frame of the machine so that the operatingrods may beheld in contact with the disk 17 by the tension of the springs.. (See Fig. 13). lThe disk 17 is providedwith adjustable gages or abutments which are adapted to coact with the ends .of the operaf-ing rods toy position the same, and the rods are loperatlvely connected with their respective studs 156, whereby they Vare adapted to determine the lateral positionsv of the vseveral gibs.. The adjustable gages or abutmentscarried by the disk 17 are illustrated in the form of` setscrews, They are divided into four sets, each setcompris-- ing four gages to register successively with each gib-controlling rod. For convenience,v`

someof thegages arearranged in a relatively lar e circle, and others are arranged in a smal er circle. The operating rod 161 is engaged' successively by the gages 167, and the rod 1.62 is engage successively by the gages 167, all inthe inner circle, and the.

operating rods 163and 164 are arranged to be respectively and successively engaged by the gages '168, 168% in the outer circle.

lhe operating or gib-controlling rods are connected with their respective studs 156 by levers 169. The levers are affixed to the .studs and are loosely connected to the operating rods. The operating levers are pivotally connected to collars 170 which loosely surround sleeves 171 on the operating rods, said sleeves being affixed upon the rods and being provided with flanges at their outer ends,.as shown by Fig. 14. Vashers 172 loosely surround the operating rods and are normally held against the collars 170 by springs 173 which are compressed between the washers and pins projecting through the rods. This form of yielding connectlon is provided for permitting the levers 69 to move in one direction independently of the operating rods for a purpose hereinafter explained.

The gages 167, 167", 168 and 168, are set at the desired' positions when the machine is erected, and it is notjnecessary to readjust them after they have once been accurately adjusted except for the purpose of taking up lost motion in the operating mechanism due to wear. The radial positions of the gages -are such that four of them will register with the four operating rods when the work turret is stationary, and consequently the operating rods 161, 162, 163. and 164 are positioned each time the position of the work turret is changed. The movement imparted to the operating rods by the gages is transmitted to the collars 17 0 which are confined between the washers 172 and the flanges on the sleeves 171. The tension of the springs 173 is sufficient to transmit the desired movement to the operating levers 169, and

in this way the. studs 156 are rotatively )ositioned to position the laterally mova le gibs. lVhen the disk 17 advances so as to move the gages out of registration with the operating rods, the' rods are moved slightly toward the disk bythe springs 165 acting upon the followers 166. It may be understood from the foregoing.v description that the` studs ,156 are turned in one direction through the medium of thesprings 165, and in the opposite direction through the medium of the springs 173.

.The lateral ositioningy lof the movable gibs by the mec anism justdescribcd occurs n-'hen-thel tool slides are farthest from the work, andthe purpose'of positioning them in this manner and at this time is todet'er- -with the work. The tools mounted upon the longitudinal slides determine the various diameters of the work, and for this reason it is important to locate with precision the paths of the tool slides in order to determine with accuracy the various diameters of the work. Itis for this reasonthat each gib is laterally positioned each time a work spindle is moved into position to be operated on by aftool on the slide controlled by said gib. Instead of swinging the gibs about the` pins 159, they may be moved laterally bodily as shown in Figs. 17 and 19. That is to say, in lieu of ,the pins or studs 159, the.

studs 156x having eccentric pins 160* may be employed, in which case they are connected by levers 169"A and extension rods`(169l? 169' 1693) with the levers 169. By this arrangement, both ends ofl the gibs arev movedfto the same extent to preserve the exact paral? path of the tool and the axis,

ment ofthe slides. For this purpose'the opating levers 169 are pivotally connected to links 175. As shownl by Fig. '1, each link 175 extends to a lever 176, pivoted midway' between its ends on a pivot stud 177. vAt veaclr end of each lever 176 is a stud 178 Whiclris adapted to receive the adjacent 'link 17 5,.

The link is formed with. a notch inone ledge whereby it is adapted to be coupled'with the stud 178 at one en d ofthe lever 176 or with the stud at the other end ,of the, lever. Each of fthe levers 176 is mounted adjacent to, one

of the cam drums 3,5 and is providedwith a ca m roll 17 9. (See Fig. 6). The four drums 'are formed with cam grooves 180 in which the rolls 179' are arranged. The cams 180 hold the levers 176 stationarywhile the tool slides are being advanced to feed the tools to the work; and at the end ofthe feed stroke each lever 176 ismoved slightly by its cam 180 so as to impart movement tothe correspondin lever 169.' 'If the links 175 are connecte to the upper studs 178, they will be moved'in one direction, whereas if they are connected to the lower studs 178 they will be moved in the. opposite direction. The selection of studs 17 8 depends upon whether the tool or tools of the corres onding slide are operating upon the interloror exterior of the work.- If they are operating upon the interior theymust be moved in one direction to retract-them laterally from the work, but if they are operating upon the exterior of the work they must be retracted laterally in the op 'osite direction. The ac"- tion of the levers 1 6 is positive, whereas the connect-ions between the levers 169 and the four operating rods 161, 162, 163 and 164 and the other end is bored for the reception of an eccentric in 185 formed upon a stud 186. Each stud 'armi 187 by which it may be oscillated. The

Ybythe cams 189, and -in the opplosite direc- .the cross slides is obtained from path cams cams coperate wit-h'rolls192 carried blyl are yielding, and for this reason the levers 169 may respond to the action of the levers 176 without injuring the connections with the operatingrods. Similar mechanism is provlded for-moving the cross slides laterally oftheir feeding movement to retract 7'0 vthe tools from the work face. As `shown by Fig. 6, the cross slides 25 and26 are mounted upon horizontal beds 1 81, 182, and are held seated upon their beds by suitable gibs, their under surfaces being grooved, as shown by Fig; 5,for vthe reception of laterally movable gibs 183.l One end of each gib 183. is slottedfor the receptionof a pivot stud 184,

is provided with, anV

arms 187. are'pivotally connected to operat-v4 ing rods v188which extend into-the paths of cams 189 on the ends of the two lower drums 85- 85. The rods are normall held` against the drums 'bysp'rings 190. ee Fig. 6.) The rods are moved positively in one direction o tlon by the springs 190, and t e eccentric 9 pins 185 are thus drawn vfirst in one direction and then in theopposite direction to position the gibs 183.l

The forward and'backward movements of 191. onthe ends of the lowerdrums. The

arms 193 axed to rock shafts 194. Eac rock shaft carries a second rock arm, indi-- cated at 195, the free end of which 1s slotted,

as shown by Fig. 6, to -embrace a 'transverse pin 196 with which each cross slide is-provided. The cams 191 cause the cross slides to move 'toward the work substantially in 105 unisony with t-hefeed movement of the lower longitudinal slides. At the end vof the feed movements of the cross 'slides they are moved laterally by the eccentric pins 185 so that the toolscarried thereby will not engage the face of the Work during retrograde movement. Atthe end of retrograde movement the ec-V vcentric pins are again actuated to position the slides for the next feed movement.

From the foregoing descriptionl it will be apparent that the machine .is constructed to operate upon large pieces of work with-great accuracy and nicety.v The work spindles are vjournaled in a large turret so that the work may be held without danger of springing, much asV it is held by the spindle in a'turret lathe. Then as each piece of work is brought into approximateregistration with one of the tools on a longitudinal tool slide, said slide and tool are automatically positioned by an individual gage for that identical piece, moved into position as the work is carried around by the turret, so that the'cutter will be located with the greatest nlcety to operate upon s aid piece. When thecut 1s 130

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