US1691320A - Attachment for lathes - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,320

H. M. WHITCOMB ATTACHMENT FOR LATHE 5 Filed Aug.24, 1925 a shets-sneet 1 H. M. WHITCOMB ATTACHMENT FOR LATHES Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,320

Filed Aug. 24, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2 f i 7 26 Z5 Q 24g 24 3 G H MW P N5v.13,192s. 1,691,320

H. M. WHITCOMB ATTACHMENT FOR LATHES Filed Aug. 24, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 F/G, /0, F/

F/6, 2. F/G. /4.

Patented Nov. 13, 1928 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRIS MORGAN wnrrcoivm, or ALBANY, Wisconsin.

ATTACHMENT rm Lamas;

, Application fi ed August 24, 1925. serial No; 52,082.

The primary object of this invention is to produce in a rapid, efiicient, and economical manner a leakproof sectional piston ring so formedas to hold its true circular form at all 5 degrees of expansion and contraction, regardless of temperature and which is adapted for application to variously sized cylinders without trimming or fitting or the exercise of even ordinary mechanical skill. i

The invention t 'rther comprehends a novel and inexpensive apparatus capable oi application to an ordinary engine lathe;

The foregoing and many other features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims, annexed to, and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and of the advantages which it possesses reference should. be had. to

the accompanying drawings wherein the now preferred form of ring together with the method and apparatus formaking are illus trated. In the drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a lathe illustrating the apparatus used in carrying out the first step of my method; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional 1 view through the parts shown inFig. 1; n

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view illustrating the actionof the yielding work engaging plate and showing the relation of the bits to the work at the completion of the operation. wherein the ring is made eccentric;

Fig. 4 is a screw; c c

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but illusdetail of the bit carrier and set in the ring fianging andi thickness reducing step of the process; I I

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view through the partsshown in Fig. 5;

Fig-7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view ing the construction whereby the bit and roller carriers are made adjustable;

Fig. 10 is axpla'n View of a ring-like'piece method of manufacture carried out by simple trating the form of tool plate apparatus used n similar to Fig. 3 butshowing therelatio-n of the apparatus or! Fig. Soto the work at the ofmetal stock formed; 7 c

Fig. 11 shows a ringsection afterthe first step of the method wherein it is reduced toeccent-ric form; r V c Fig. 12 illustrates the flanged and width reduced ring section produced by the second ma or step of the process; i Fig. 13 is a group perspective view depictmg1 two ring sectionsready to be assembled, an a Fig. 14 shows the assembled piston ring.

Referring specifically to the drawings, wherein likejret'erence characters designate" like parts throughout numeral l denotesthe body portion of an ordinary lathe which is from which the ring maybe preferably (although not necessarily) of the type having an automatic stop and carriage feed.- 2 indicates the lathespindle and the carriage the latter having a conventional compound rear for thetool post 5'. No novelty is being claimed forthe lathe; and ac cordingly further description thereof is unnecessary. j y

In carrying outmy process Iemploy a chuck 6 having a-circular work-receiving. re-v 'cess 7 in one face, and a second recess 8 in its opposite face to receive the projecting end portion of the chuck holder 9'whose shaft 9 is clamped in the tool post 5 Bolts 9 carried by the circumferential'fiange 9".

of the carrier serve to detachably mountv the chuck in" place. 1 Different sizedchucksd will, of course, be used for different'sized. work 7 I i The material preferably used in making upthe sections 0 my ring is ordinary piston rings althoug-lrother ring stock maybe transversely split and, used tof advantage;

As shownin Fig. 1 the transversely split ring section 10, whose normaldiameter is a shade largenth'an the work receiving recess 7', is

sprung into the latter to beheld against ro tatio-nby a chuck carried key 6 which en-fl gages between the walls of the split 10 The spindlecarried toolapplia nce for first operating upon the ring stock-to make it e(:'-

centric comprises an annular tool plate 1 1- ioo appropriately fastened to its shaftor arbor 12 atone'end thereof. Rods 13 freely slidable intransverse holes. in the plate 11, carry at their outer ends, a disk 14.. By meansjof helical springs 15, surrounding therods 13 and interposed between the plate and the disk 1 14, thelatter is brought to bearagainst the in a set position.

14t in the disk. Cotter pins or other stops 16 passing through selected holes 17in the rods 13 engage the back oat-plate 11 to limit the action of disk 14.

The holders 18 carrying the bits 19 have their shanks'QO slidable inradial slots 21 of the plate 11. Thus variously sized work may be operated upon,-nuts 22 on the threaded ends of the shanks serving to lock the holders The shanks 20 01"" the holders 18 are square as shown in Fig. 4. and consequently cannot turn in the slots 21. Set screws 23 which may be suitably graduated the springs to advance the extend from the periphery of the plate 11 into each of the slots 21 to engage the holders 18. Accurate adjustment of the latter. may be quickly attained.

The ring having been positioned in the chuck, the carriage 3 is moved forward until the ring engages and compresses the disk 14 to project the bits 19 through the disk slots l t. Adjustment ofthe compound rest or tool post mounting is now (or may have previously been) made to position the ring 10 eccentrically with respect to the axis of the tool plate 11. The bits 19 now bear only upon the inner wall of the half of the ring adjacent the split 10 The adjustment of the rest is, of course,transversely of the car ,riage 3. The operation of the lathe,-that is, the rotation of the sprindle2 and progressive feeding of the carriage theretoward, results ,original width. 40

in the formation of an eccentric ring section' whose wall at the split 10 is one-half its The next operation consists in reducing to one-half thickness the half of the ringin proximity to the joint 10 and in the same operation forming a crescent-like flange and shoulder upon the other half of the ring. The-boringapparatus used is shown in Figs. ,4 and and consists of aspindle carried tool plate 24, similar in all respects to the tool plate ll except .that the yielding worlnengaging disk 1& isabsent. In lieu thereof a adjustably mounted in radial slots 2 4 interi'mediate the slots 31 of the plate 24 whic-h "plurality of spring pressed rollers 25. are employed. Each of these rollers is journaled on the end of a stem 26 slidingly working in a sleeve-like carrier 27. The carriers 27' are carry. the bit holders 18. Nuts 27 on the reduced and end-threaded portions of the car-' riers 27 serve to draw shoulders 27 against the outer'face of the tool plateflt to lock the carriers in a set position. The rollers 25 are now aligned to engage the outer portion offthe edge of the eccentric ring in the chuck 6. The carriers 27 have their outer vends cored out to define a chamber 27-to house a' coil spring 28 which bears against the roller carrying bearing for urging the stem 26 outwardly. A stop 26 on the inner end of each stem 26 engages the back of the plate 2% to limit outward movement of the stem and roller 25.

vFigs. 7 and 8, respectively,'clearly illustrate the relation of the bits 19 and rollers to the work at the commencement anti upon the'coinpletionof the work Hanging and width reducing step of the process. The bits 19 and rollers 25 are adjustedso as to bear against the projecting face of the ring 10 in a true circle. then the lathe is operated the rollers act to hold the ring 10 in place in the chuck while the bits reducethe same to onehalf the thickness of the ring throughout approximately the quarter of its circumference which is on both sides of the split 10. 'Inasmuch as the ring is positioned ecoentrically with respect-to the path of travel bf the bits there will be left upon the half of the circumshoulder10will,'of course, correspond ex actly to the width of that portion of the ring which is reduced in thickness by this operation. Thus two ring sections may be fitted together with the split 10 of the one'ring being disposed behind the shoulder 10 of the other ring. Figs. 12, 13 and 14: clearly illustrate the formation of the ring sections and the manner in whichthey are adapted to fit together. For'instance, Fig. 1 1 shows the, assembled ring of true concentric shape formed of the two eccentric ring sections 10. It will beunderstood and appreciatedby those skilled in the art that my ring may be repeatedly stretched over a piston without distortionand will in fact expand and contract beyond all requirements and at the same time retain its true circular form at all diameters.

which pollutes the oil and causes excessive wear on the motor bearings and it has an equal wearing surfacelthroughout its circumference. Further carbon never collects under these rings as with common one piece rings. lViththe use of my ring the necessity of hammering, re-turning, rollin or the like, is obviated and no mechanical skill whatever is necessary-to fit the ring in a piston for a given sized cylinder. The range of size of pistonsand cylinders to which the ring may be applied is limited only by the size of the joint 10 and the width of the space between the piston and the cylinder wall. By cutting outa section of considerable size at this point the ring will be free to expand or contract to fit pistons of widely different diameters. There isa further feature of the liiu is that there is noflfr'iction between the two.

ring sections as neither section crowds the other in an outward direction while expand ing. l The wear between t he parts is thus re ducedto a minimurirand my ring willeXpand as readily as an ordinary single pistonring "In conclusion it isto be noted that the initial crosswise adjustm'ent-oi the carriage i to position the ring eccentrically of thelathe spindle suilices for theoperation wherein the ring is rendered eccentric and als'ofor the operation wherein its t l iick'ness is reduced and the crescent like flange and shoulder 10 are formed.- In thissecond operation the rollers and bits'l9 aremerely adjusted to proper position. Considerable advantage resides in having the chuck stationary which obviates the necessity of stopping the spindle when a ring'is' to be removed.- i

Having thus described the invention, What claimed is: 4 i

1. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool plate having means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having a plurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elements working in certain of said slots and having means whereby they may be adjusted and locked in a set position, shanks extended through other of said tool plate slots and radially adjustabletherein, each of said shanks having a socket in its outer end, an antifriction work-engaging roller and bearing therefor axially slidable in said socket, a spring interposed between said bearing and the inner end of said socket for yieldingly projecting said roller inthe direction of the work, and means for holding said bearing and shank in assembled relation and positionable to variably limit the relative axial movement of saidbearing in said socket.

2. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool plate having means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having a plurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elements working in certain of said slots and having means whereby they may be adjusted and locked in a set position, shanks extended through others of said tool plate slots and radially adjustable therein, each of said shanks having a socket in its outer end, an antifriction Work-engaging roller and bearing therefor axially slidable in said socket, a spring interposed bet-ween said bearing and the inner end of said socket for yieldingly projecting said roller in the direction of the work, and means for holding said bearing and shank in assembled relation and positionable to variably limit the relative axial movement of said bearing in said socket, said aforementioned holding means comprising a stem carrying said bearing and er? tending through said shank and a stop engageable with said stem at different points.

3. An attachment for lathes and the like comprising a tool plate having means forfat tachment to a-lathe spindle to rotated therewith, an 'i nstrumentality carried by said tool plate for holding the Work in a chuck. comprising a longitudinally bored carrier havin a socket in one end 21 stemextendin I through said bore, an antifri-ction element, a bearingtheretor carried by one. end ofsaid stem and des'ignedtobe reeeivedinsaid socket, and yielding means housed in said socket and engaging said bearing for urging the:

anti-frictionelement in thedirection of the work. I i a 4. In an attachment for lathes and the like including a tool plate, thecombination of an rier having a soeket inone end, the other end ,of said carrier being threaded for theapplication of. a nut-and the intermediate exterior portionof said carrier being shouldered" whereby said carrier may be adj ustably clamped in a slot of said plate,.a stem extending through said bore, an anti-friction ele ment, a bearing therefor carried by one end ot'said stem and designed to be received in said socket, and yielding means housed in said socket and engaging said bearing for urging the anti-friction element in the direction of the work.

5. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool plate having means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having I i a plurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elements working in certain of saidslots and having means whereby they may be adjusted and locked in a set position, shanks extended through other of said tool plate slots and radially adjustable therein, and axially disposed work enga ing elements adjustably carried by said shan s for movement toward the Work. 7

6. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool plate having means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having a plurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elements working in certain of said slots and having means whereby they may be adjusted and locked ina set position,

shanks extended through other of said tool plate slots and radially adjustable therein, each of said shanks having a longitudinal bore therein and socket atone end thereof communicating with sald bore, a rod shdable in said bore and having a work engaging head receivable in said socket, and a spring in said socket engaging said head for urglng the same toward the work.

7. A c'utting att-achment for lathes or the like comprising a tool plate having means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having a plurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elements working in certain. of said slots and having means whereby they may be adjusted and locked in a set position,

, a 8. An attachment for lathes and the like.

shanks extended through other of said tool plate slots and radially adjustable therein, each of said shanks having longitudinal bore therein and a socket at oneend thereof communicating with said'bore, a "rod slidable in I said bore and having a Work engaging head recelvable, in said socket,,a spring 1n said socket engaging said head for urging the same 7 -work ina chuck comprising a longitudinally bored carrier, means securing the carrier to one face of the plate for lateral adjustment thereon, a stem extending through said carrier bore, an anti-friction element, a bearing therefor carried by one end of said stem, and yielding means for urgin the anti-friction element in the direction or the Work.

a 9. An attachment for lathes and the like comprising a tool plate having means for attachment to. a lathe spindle to be rotated therewith, an instrumentality for holding the Work in a chuck comprising a longitudinally bored carrier, a stem extending through said carrier bore, an anti-friction element, a hear ing therefor carried by one end of said stem, and yielding means acting on said stem for urging the anti-friction element inthe direction of the Work.

10. The combination set forth in claim 9,

and said stem being rotatable in said carrier bore whereby the anti-friction element will be enabled to follow the Work inthe rotation of the tool plate.

In testimony whereof I aflix my'signature.

HARRIS MORGAN WH'rrcoMB.

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