WO2011129407A1 - 含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法、コーティング用組成物、塗膜を有する物品、および成形品 - Google Patents
含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法、コーティング用組成物、塗膜を有する物品、および成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
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- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D123/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
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- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2327/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer composition, a coating composition containing the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method, and a coating film formed using the coating composition.
- Fluoropolymers are used in various applications that cannot be handled by general-purpose plastics because they are excellent in solvent resistance, low dielectric properties, low surface energy, non-adhesiveness, weather resistance, and the like.
- a fluorine-containing copolymer (hereinafter also referred to as ETFE) having a repeating unit based on ethylene and a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene is low in heat resistance, flame resistance, chemical resistance, weather resistance, Because of its excellent frictional properties, low dielectric properties, transparency, etc., it is used in a wide range of fields such as heat-resistant wire coating materials, chemical plant corrosion-resistant piping materials, agricultural vinyl house materials, and mold release films. .
- ETFE may be insufficient in mechanical strength, dimensional stability, and moldability, and is expensive. Therefore, in order to make full use of the advantages of ETFE and make up for the shortcomings, studies have been made on adhesion, lamination, and compounding with other resins (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- ETFE has low surface free energy, insufficient adhesion strength with other resins, and adhesion is difficult. Further, the miscibility with other resins is low, and even if they are mixed by melt kneading, it is difficult to uniformly mix and dissolve them. In addition, when melt-kneaded, since it is exposed to high temperature, the properties of ETFE and other resins are likely to deteriorate.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fluorine-containing copolymer composition capable of uniformly mixing a fluorine-containing copolymer having a repeating unit based on ethylene and a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene and another thermoplastic resin at a relatively low temperature.
- a coating composition capable of forming a coating film having characteristics of a fluorine-containing copolymer and another resin; an article having a coating film having characteristics of a fluorine-containing copolymer and another resin;
- An object of the present invention is to provide a molded article having the characteristics of a fluorine-containing copolymer and another resin.
- the method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer composition of the present invention comprises a fluorine-containing copolymer (A) having a repeating unit based on ethylene and a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene, and a thermoplastic resin (B) (however, A fluorine-containing copolymer composition (excluding the fluorine-containing copolymer (A)), and a medium (C) capable of dissolving at least the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- the fluorine-containing copolymer is contained in the medium (C) at a temperature not lower than the melting temperature at which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is dissolved in the medium (C) and not higher than the melting point of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) are mixed.
- a solvent having a solubility index (R) represented by the following formula (1) of less than 49 is preferably used as the medium (C).
- R 4 ⁇ ( ⁇ d ⁇ 15.7) 2 + ( ⁇ p ⁇ 5.7) 2 + ( ⁇ h ⁇ 4.3) 2 (1).
- ⁇ d, ⁇ p, and ⁇ h are a dispersion term, a polar term, and a hydrogen bond term [(MPa) 1/2 ] in the Hansen solubility parameter of the solvent, respectively.
- the proportion of repeating units based on monomers other than ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene is 0.1 to 50 mol% of all repeating units (100 mol%). Is preferred.
- the medium (C) it is preferable to use a solvent in which a temperature range exhibiting a solution state with the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is 230 ° C. or less.
- the mass ratio ((A) / (B)) between the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) is preferably 99/1 to 1/99.
- the ratio of the medium (C) is preferably 10 to 99% by mass in 100% by mass of the fluorine-containing copolymer composition.
- the medium (C) is diisopropyl ketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, 3 ′, 5′-bis (trifluoromethyl) acetophenone, 2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′, 5 ′, 6′-pentafluoroacetophenone, benzo Trifluoride or isobutyl acetate is preferred.
- the coating composition of the present invention is characterized by including the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- An article having the coating film of the present invention is characterized by having a coating film formed using the coating composition of the present invention.
- the molded article of the present invention is a molded article containing the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) obtained by using the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention. It is a product.
- a fluorine-containing copolymer having a repeating unit based on ethylene and a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene, and another thermoplastic resin can be obtained at a relatively low temperature. Can be mixed evenly.
- the coating composition of the present invention it is possible to form a coating film having the characteristics of a fluorine-containing copolymer and another thermoplastic resin.
- An article having a coating film of the present invention has a coating film having the characteristics of a fluorine-containing copolymer and another thermoplastic resin.
- the molded article of the present invention has the characteristics of a fluorine-containing copolymer and other thermoplastic resins.
- the “repeating unit” in the present specification means a unit derived from the monomer formed by polymerization of the monomer.
- the repeating unit may be a unit directly formed by a polymerization reaction, or may be a unit in which a part of the unit is converted into another structure by treating the polymer.
- the “monomer” in the present specification means a compound having a polymerization-reactive carbon-carbon double bond.
- the “solution state” in which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin (B) is dissolved in the medium (C) means the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin. It means that the insoluble matter is in a uniform state by visual inspection after the mixture of (B) and the medium (C) is sufficiently mixed.
- melting temperature in this specification refers to a temperature measured by the following method. A total of 0.10 g of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin (B) is added to 4.95 g of the medium (C), and the mixture is heated while always maintaining a sufficiently mixed state with a stirring means or the like. It is visually observed whether the copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin (B) are dissolved. First, the temperature at which the mixture is found to be in a uniform solution state and completely dissolved is confirmed. Subsequently, the temperature at which the solution becomes turbid is confirmed by gradually cooling, and the temperature at which the solution is reheated and becomes a uniform solution again is defined as the dissolution temperature.
- the manufacturing method of the fluorine-containing copolymer composition of this invention manufactures the fluorine-containing copolymer composition containing a fluorine-containing copolymer (A), a thermoplastic resin (B), and a medium (C). This is a method of mixing the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) in the medium (C).
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is a copolymer having a repeating unit based on ethylene and a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as TFE).
- the molar ratio of the repeating unit based on TFE and the repeating unit based on ethylene is preferably 70/30 to 30/70, more preferably 65/35 to 40/60, and 60/40 to 40/60. Is more preferable. If the molar ratio is within the above range, it is derived from repeating units based on TFE such as heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance and the like, and repeating units based on ethylene such as mechanical strength and melt moldability. Good balance with characteristics.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) has repeating units based on monomers other than ethylene and TFE (hereinafter referred to as other monomers) from the viewpoint that various functions can be imparted to the resulting copolymer. Is preferred. Examples of other monomers include the following compounds.
- Perfluorovinyl ethers having groups easily convertible to carboxylic acid groups or sulfonic acid groups; CH 3 OC ( ⁇ O) CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 OCF ⁇ CF 2 , FSO 2 CF 2 CF 2 OCF (CF 3 ) CF 2 OCF CF 2 etc.
- Olefins olefins having 3 carbon atoms (propylene, etc.), olefins having 4 carbon atoms (butylene, isobutylene, etc.), 4-methyl-1-pentene, cyclohexene, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, etc.
- Vinyl esters vinyl acetate, vinyl lactate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl benzoate, etc. Allyl esters: allyl acetate, etc.
- Vinyl ethers methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, tert-butyl vinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, polyoxyethylene vinyl ether, etc.
- (Meth) acrylic acid esters methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid 4-hydroxybutyl, etc.
- (Meth) acrylamides (Meth) acrylamide, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, etc. Cyano group-containing monomers: acrylonitrile, etc. Diene: isoprene, 1,3-butadiene, etc.
- Chloroolefins Vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, etc. Compound containing carboxylic anhydride and unsaturated bond: maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride and the like.
- Another monomer may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the proportion of repeating units based on other monomers is preferably from 0.1 to 50 mol%, more preferably from 0.1 to 30 mol%, and more preferably from 0.1 to 20 mol based on the total repeating units (100 mol%). More preferred is mol%. If the ratio of repeating units based on other monomers is within the above range, high solubility and repellency can be achieved without impairing the properties of ETFE consisting essentially of repeating units based on ethylene and repeating units based on TFE. Functions such as aqueous properties, oil repellency, adhesion to the substrate, and reactivity with the thermoplastic resin (B) can be imparted.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is a functional group having reactivity with the thermoplastic resin (B) (hereinafter referred to as a reactive functional group) in view of miscibility and compatibility with the thermoplastic resin (B). .).
- the reactive functional group may be present at either the polymer terminal, the side chain or the main chain of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A). Moreover, only one type of reactive functional group may be present, or two or more types may be present.
- the kind and content of the reactive functional group are appropriately selected depending on the kind of the thermoplastic resin (B), the functional group possessed by the thermoplastic resin (B), the required characteristics, the molding method, and the like.
- the reactive functional group includes a carboxylic acid group, a group obtained by dehydration condensation of two carboxyl groups in one molecule (hereinafter referred to as an acid anhydride group), a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, and a carbonate group. And at least one selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate group, an ester group, an amide group, an aldehyde group, an amino group, a hydrolyzable silyl group, a carbon-carbon double bond, and a carboxylic acid halide group.
- the carboxylic acid group means a carboxyl group and a salt thereof (—COOM 1 ).
- M ⁇ 1 > is a metal atom or atomic group which can form a salt with carboxylic acid.
- the sulfonic acid group means a sulfo group and a salt thereof (—SO 3 M 2 ).
- M 2 is a metal atom or an atomic group capable of forming a salt with sulfonic acid.
- reactive functional groups from carboxylic acid group, acid anhydride group, hydroxyl group, epoxy group, carbonate group, amino group, amide group, hydrolyzable silyl group, carbon-carbon double bond, and carboxylic acid halide group At least one selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid groups, acid anhydride groups, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, amide groups, and carboxylic acid halide groups is more preferable.
- the following method etc. are mentioned as a method of introduce
- (I) A method of copolymerizing a monomer having a reactive functional group as one of the other monomers when polymerizing ethylene, TFE and another monomer.
- Fluorine-containing copolymer (A) by using a polymerization initiator having a reactive functional group, a chain transfer agent or the like when copolymerizing ethylene, TFE and other monomers as required.
- (Iii) A method of grafting a compound (grafting compound) having a reactive functional group and a functional group capable of grafting (such as an unsaturated bond) onto the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- Two or more methods (i) to (iii) may be appropriately combined.
- the method (i) or (ii) is preferable from the viewpoint of durability of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- the functional group introduced as necessary to impart various functions to the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is the same as the method of introducing the reactive functional group. It can introduce
- ETFE fluorinated copolymer
- the melting point of the fluorinated copolymer (A) is preferably from 130 ° C. to 275 ° C., more preferably from 140 ° C. to 265 ° C., and even more preferably from 150 ° C. to 260 ° C. from the viewpoints of solubility and strength.
- the melting point of the fluorinated copolymer (A) is measured by, for example, a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) apparatus.
- a fluorine-containing copolymer (A) may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- thermoplastic resin (B) is a thermoplastic resin other than the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- thermoplastic resin (B) As the thermoplastic resin (B), the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the medium (C) are dissolved in the medium (C) or partially dissolved in the medium (C) in the temperature range where the medium (C) is in a solution state. Any of those that do not dissolve at all can be used.
- the thermoplastic resin (B) is preferably one that is soluble in the medium (C) from the viewpoint of miscibility and compatibility with the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- thermoplastic resin (B) examples include fluorine resins and hydrocarbon resins other than the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- fluororesins include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), And chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer.
- hydrocarbon resins examples include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP), poly (1-butene) (PB-1), polystyrene (PS), polychlorinated Vinyl (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA), polybutyl methacrylate (PBMA), polyisobutyl methacrylate (PIBMA), polyhexyl methacrylate (PHMA), poly (2 , 2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl methacrylate) (PC3FMA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer (MS), maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer (SMAH), acrylonitrile- Styrene Combined (SAN), polyurethane (PU), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyvinyl acetal (PVA
- thermoplastic resin (B) polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene- from the viewpoint of the usefulness of the fluorine-containing copolymer composition, the coating film and the molded article.
- Vinyl ether copolymer polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (4-methyl-1-pentene), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyisobutyl methacrylate, poly (2 , 2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl methacrylate) (PC3FMA), methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene- Acrylic acid co Polymer (EAA), ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer (P (E-graft-MA)), vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymer (P (VDC-VC)), poly (2,6-dimethyl-1) , 4-phenylene oxide), polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polybutylene terephthalate,
- thermoplastic resin (B) when the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) has a reactive functional group, the reaction is carried out from the viewpoint of miscibility and compatibility with the fluorine-containing copolymer (A). Those having a functional group capable of reacting with the functional group are preferred.
- a thermoplastic resin (B) may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the medium (C) is a solvent that can dissolve at least the fluorine-containing copolymer (A).
- the medium (C) may be one in which the thermoplastic resin (B) is dissolved in a temperature range in which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the medium (C) are in a solution state, and the thermoplastic resin (B ) May not be partly dissolved or not dissolved at all. From the viewpoint of miscibility and compatibility between the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B), the thermoplastic resin (B) may be used. Those that dissolve are preferred.
- Whether or not a certain solvent is a medium (C) capable of dissolving at least the fluorinated copolymer (A) can be determined by whether or not the polarity of the solvent is in a specific range described below.
- the medium (C) it is preferable to select a solvent having the polarity in the specific range based on the Hansen solubility parameter (Hansen solubility parameters).
- the Hansen solubility parameter is a three-dimensional space where the solubility parameter introduced by Hildebrand is divided into three components by Hansen: dispersion term ⁇ d, polar term ⁇ p, and hydrogen bond term ⁇ h. is there.
- the dispersion term ⁇ d indicates the effect due to the dispersion force
- the polar term ⁇ p indicates the effect due to the dipole force
- the hydrogen bond term ⁇ h indicates the effect due to the hydrogen bond force.
- Hansen solubility parameter The definition and calculation method of the Hansen solubility parameter is described in the following literature. Charles M. Hansen, “Hansen Solubility Parameters: A Users Handbook”, CRC Press, 2007.
- Hansen solubility parameters can be easily estimated from their chemical structures by using computer software (Hansen Solubility Parameters in Practice (HSPIP)).
- HSPiP version 3 is used, and the value is used for the solvent registered in the database, and the estimated value is used for the solvent not registered.
- the Hansen solubility parameter of a specific resin X is usually determined by conducting a solubility test in which the resin X is dissolved in a number of different solvents for which the Hansen solubility parameter has been determined and the solubility is measured. Specifically, when the coordinates of the Hansen solubility parameters of all the solvents used in the solubility test are shown in a three-dimensional space, the coordinates of the solvent in which the resin X is dissolved are all contained inside the sphere and the solvent is not dissolved. A sphere (solubility sphere) that is outside the sphere is found, and the center coordinates of the solubility sphere are used as the Hansen solubility parameter of the resin X.
- Hansen solubility parameter coordinates of a solvent not used in the solubility test are ( ⁇ d, ⁇ p, ⁇ h), and if the coordinates are included inside the solubility sphere, the solvent dissolves the resin X. I think that. On the other hand, if the coordinates are outside the solubility sphere, it is considered that the solvent cannot dissolve the resin X.
- the most suitable solvent for dissolving at least the fluorinated copolymer (A) at a temperature below its melting point and dispersing it as fine particles without agglomerating the fluorinated copolymer (A) at room temperature is assumed that diisopropyl ketone is a substance having a property closest to the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) as a Hansen solubility parameter.
- the solvent group is located at a certain distance (that is, inside the solubility sphere) from the coordinates (15.7, 5.7, 4.3) of the Hansen solubility parameter of diisopropyl ketone, with diisopropyl ketone as the reference (center of the solubility sphere). Can be used as the medium (C).
- the medium (C) preferably has a solubility index (R) of less than 49, more preferably less than 36.
- the medium (C) having the solubility index (R) within this range has high affinity with the fluorinated copolymer (A), and the solubility and dispersibility of the fluorinated copolymer (A) are increased.
- the solubility index (R) can be used as a solubility index for the fluorinated copolymer (A). For example, an average Hansen solubility parameter is obtained from the mixing ratio (volume ratio) of the mixed solvent, and the dissolution index (R) is calculated from the average value.
- Examples of the solvent that can be used as the medium (C) include ketones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, esters, carbonates, ethers, nitriles, fluorine-containing aromatic compounds having at least two fluorine atoms, or heterocyclic rings.
- Specific examples of the medium (C) having a dissolution index (R) of less than 49 include the following solvents.
- the following solvents are preferred from the viewpoints of high affinity with the fluorinated copolymer (A) and sufficiently high solubility and dispersibility of the fluorinated copolymer (A).
- a medium (C) may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Moreover, as long as it can be used as a medium (C) after mixing, you may use the mixed solvent which mixed another solvent with the medium (C). Furthermore, as long as it can be used as the medium (C) after mixing, a mixed solvent obtained by mixing two or more other solvents may be used. Specific examples of the mixed solvent that can be used as the medium (C) include the following combinations.
- the medium (C) it is preferable to use a solvent in which the temperature range exhibiting a solution state with the fluorinated copolymer (A) is 230 ° C. or less. If the temperature range is 230 ° C. or lower, mixing of the fluorocopolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) described later at a temperature sufficiently lower than the melting point of the fluorocopolymer (A) is performed. Since it can be carried out, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the properties of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B).
- Examples of the medium (C) in which the temperature range exhibiting a solution state with the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is 230 ° C. or lower, that is, the dissolution temperature is 230 ° C. or lower, include the following solvents.
- Diisopropyl ketone (dissolution temperature: 150 ° C.), 2-hexanone (melting temperature: 150 ° C.), Cyclohexanone (melting temperature: 180 ° C.), 3 ′, 5′-bis (trifluoromethyl) acetophenone (melting temperature: 150 ° C.), 2 ′, 3 ′, 4 ′, 5 ′, 6′-pentafluoroacetophenone (dissolution temperature: 150 ° C.), Benzotrifluoride (melting temperature: 150 ° C.), Isobutyl acetate (dissolution temperature: 150 ° C.).
- the melting temperature in parentheses is the melting temperature in the case of ETFE1 in the examples described later for the fluorinated copolymer (A).
- the medium (C) a solid content composed of a mixture of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) is separated from the fluorine-containing copolymer composition by reprecipitation, or the fluorine-containing copolymer.
- a solvent that is liquid at room temperature (25 ° C.) is preferred.
- the melting point of the medium (C) is preferably 20 ° C. or lower for the same reason.
- the boiling point (normal pressure) of the medium (C) is preferably 230 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of the handleability of the medium (C) and the solvent removability when the solid content is separated from the fluorine-containing copolymer composition, 200 degrees C or less is more preferable.
- the value of R based on the Hansen solubility parameter of the thermoplastic resin (B) is 49 or more.
- ETFE fluorine-containing copolymer
- PSf polysulfone
- a solvent that is relatively close to this point P and that has R of less than 49 is selected.
- the value of R based on the Hansen solubility parameter of the thermoplastic resin (B) is less than 49.
- the thermoplastic resin (B) having coordinates relatively close to the Hansen solubility parameter coordinates of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is selected, the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is the same as in the case of (1).
- the solvent is selected such that it is close to the coordinates of the middle point of the coordinates of the thermoplastic resin (B) and the optimal coordinates as the solvent of R, and R is less than 49. It is also possible to simply select a solvent having as small R as possible. Examples of such combinations include the following combinations.
- the thermoplastic resin (B) may be in a solution state or a dispersion state. From the viewpoint of miscibility and compatibility between the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B), a solution state is preferred.
- Examples of the mixing method include the following methods ( ⁇ ) to ( ⁇ ).
- ( ⁇ ) A method in which the thermoplastic resin (B) is dissolved or dispersed in the medium (C), and then the fluorinated copolymer (A) is added and dissolved therein, followed by mixing.
- ( ⁇ ) A method in which after the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is dissolved in the medium (C), the thermoplastic resin (B) is added to the medium to be dissolved or dispersed, and then mixed.
- ( ⁇ ) A mixture of a fluorine-containing copolymer (A) dissolved in a part of the medium (C) and a thermoplastic resin (B) dissolved or dispersed in the remainder of the medium (C) are mixed.
- the mixing temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or higher and not higher than the melting point of the fluorinated copolymer (A).
- the melting point of the fluorinated copolymer (A) (that is, ETFE) is the highest and is approximately 275 ° C.
- the upper limit temperature upon mixing is more preferably 230 ° C. or less, and most preferably 200 ° C. or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the properties of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B).
- the lower limit temperature during mixing is such that the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is dissolved in the medium (C) from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficiently dissolved state. More than temperature and 0 degreeC or more is preferable and 20 degreeC or more is more preferable.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is dissolved in a part of the medium (C) and then precipitated as fine particles in the medium, and the thermoplastic resin (B) is used as the medium.
- the pressure during mixing is usually preferably normal pressure or a slight pressure of about 0.5 MPa.
- the temperature at the time of mixing is higher than the boiling point of the medium (C), in the pressure vessel, at least naturally occurring pressure or less, preferably 3 MPa or less, more preferably 2 MPa or less, more preferably 1 MPa or less, most preferably normal pressure. What is necessary is just to mix with the following pressures, and it is usually about 0.01-1 MPa.
- the mixing time is the mixing ratio of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B), the shape of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) before being added to the medium (C).
- the shape of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) is preferably in the form of powder from the viewpoint of shortening the dissolution time in the medium (C), and from the viewpoint of easy availability, the pellet The shape is preferred.
- a known stirring mixer such as a homomixer, a Henschel mixer, a Banbury mixer, a pressure kneader, a single-screw or twin-screw extruder may be used.
- an apparatus such as an autoclave with a stirrer may be used.
- the stirring blade include a marine propeller blade, a paddle blade, an anchor blade, and a turbine blade.
- a magnetic stirrer or the like may be used.
- the mixing ratio of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) may be appropriately determined according to the use of the obtained fluorinated copolymer composition, and is not particularly limited.
- the mass ratio (A) / (B) between the copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) is preferably 99/1 to 1/99, and preferably 95/5 to 5/95. Is more preferable.
- the proportion of the medium (C) is preferably 5 to 99.9% by mass and more preferably 10 to 99% by mass based on 100% by mass of the fluorinated copolymer composition. If it is in this range, the solid content comprising the mixture of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) is separated from the fluorine-containing copolymer composition by reprecipitation or the like, or the fluorine-containing copolymer composition It is easy to use the product as a coating composition. When the ratio of the medium (C) is within this range, the medium (C) can be easily removed when the solid content is separated from the fluorine-containing copolymer composition. Moreover, it is excellent in the handleability etc.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention may contain a medium other than the medium (C) or various additives described later, if necessary.
- a composition comprising (A), a thermoplastic resin (B) and a medium (C) is preferred.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention is subjected to conditions under which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin (B) are precipitated in the medium (C) (normally normal temperature) By placing under pressure), the fluorinated copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin (B) are precipitated in the medium (C) alone or as a mixture, and a slurry (dispersion) is obtained.
- fine particles of the fluorinated copolymer (A) may precipitate in the medium (C) to obtain a slurry. It is done. At this time, the thermoplastic resin (B) is dissolved or dispersed in the medium (C). Specifically, when the production method of the present invention is carried out under heating, the resulting solution contains only the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B), or the fluorinated copolymer (A). The fine particles of the mixture or the fluorinated copolymer (A) are precipitated in the medium (C) by cooling to a temperature not higher than the precipitation temperature (usually normal temperature). The cooling method may be slow cooling or rapid cooling.
- Specific examples of the state of the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention near room temperature include the following states (I) to (V).
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) has a melting point higher than the melting temperature at which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is dissolved in the medium (C).
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) are mixed in the medium (C) at a melting point or lower.
- the thermoplastic resin (B) is also dissolved in the medium (C)
- fine particles or a solution of a mixture in which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) are uniformly mixed is obtained.
- thermoplastic resin (B) does not dissolve in the medium (C)
- the core-shell type fine particles in which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is deposited on the surface of the fine particles of the thermoplastic resin (B), or fluorine-containing copolymer A dispersion in which the fine particles of the thermoplastic resin (B) are uniformly dispersed in the combined (A) solution is obtained.
- a fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and a thermoplastic resin (B) can be mixed uniformly at comparatively low temperature.
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the fluorinated copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention and various additives as required.
- the state of the coating composition of the present invention may be any of the above states (I) to (V).
- content of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) in the coating composition of this invention can be suitably changed according to the thickness of the target coating film.
- the ratio of the fluorinated copolymer (A) is preferably 0.05 to 50% by mass in the coating composition (100% by mass), preferably 0.1 to 30 mass% is more preferable. When the content is within this range, handling properties such as viscosity, drying speed, and film uniformity are excellent, and a uniform coating film can be formed.
- Additives include antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, crosslinking agents, lubricants, plasticizers, thickeners, dispersion stabilizers, fillers, reinforcing agents, pigments, dyes, flame retardants, electrification An inhibitor etc. are mentioned.
- the total ratio of the additives is preferably 30% by mass or less in the coating composition (100% by mass).
- the additive can be added in the process of mixing the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) in the medium (C), the amount of the additive is larger than that in the process of melt kneading. Can be added uniformly. Moreover, since the coating film obtained can exhibit a required function with a thinner film thickness by using the coating composition containing the additive at a high concentration, the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B ) Can be reduced.
- Optical field Protective coating agent, antifouling coating agent, low reflection coating agent for various optical films, etc.
- Solar cell field protective cover material, transparent conductive member, protective coating agent such as back sheet, gas barrier layer, thin glass support resin layer, adhesive layer, etc.
- Display panel / display field Protective coating agent, antifouling coating agent, low reflection coating agent for transparent members used in various display panels (liquid crystal display panel, plasma display panel, electrochromic display panel, electroluminescence display panel, touch panel); Thin glass support resin, etc.
- Protective coating agent Water-repellent coating agent, low-reflective coating agent for various electrical / electronic components such as optical discs, liquid crystal cells, printed circuit boards, and photosensitive drums; interlayer insulation films and protective films for semiconductor elements and integrated circuit devices ; Solder mask, solder resist, IC sealant, electrically insulating coating material, etc.
- Transportation equipment field Protective coating agent, antifouling coating agent, low-reflective coating agent, etc.
- Exterior members such as display device surface materials, interior members such as instrument panel surface materials, laminated materials for safety glass, etc.
- Architectural field Protective coating agents for mirrors, glass windows, resin windows, etc., antifouling coating agents, low-reflection coating agents, etc .
- Separation membrane field Adhesives and antifouling coating agents in membrane module manufacturing; functional layers such as reverse osmosis membranes and nanofiltration membranes; functional layers of gas separation membranes that separate carbon dioxide, hydrogen, etc .; protection of bag filter filter cloth Coating agent, antifouling coating agent, etc.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) has characteristics such as low water absorption, low dielectric constant, and high heat resistance.
- the coating composition of the present invention is used as a protective coating agent for a condensing mirror used in concentrating solar power generation, an antifouling coating agent; Due to the high heat resistance and low water absorption properties of the fluorinated copolymer (A), a power generation system that is highly durable and does not require maintenance can be obtained.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer in which the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) obtained by the production method of the present invention are uniformly mixed. Since the polymer composition is included, a coating film having characteristics of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) can be formed.
- the article having the coating film of the present invention has a coating film formed by using the coating composition of the present invention on the surface of the substrate.
- the coating film may be used as a film by separating from the substrate.
- the coating film or film formed using the coating composition of the present invention is thinner and more uniform than an ETFE film obtained by melt molding. What is necessary is just to determine the thickness of a coating film or a film suitably according to a use. If a coating composition with a high solid content concentration is used, a thick coating film is obtained, and if a coating composition with a low solid content concentration is used, a thin coating film is obtained. Moreover, a thicker coating film can also be obtained by repeating application
- Base material Materials for the base material include metals (iron, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, copper, silver, etc.), glasses (soda lime glass, silicate glass, synthetic quartz, etc.), silicon, organic materials (polycarbonate (PC), And polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.), stone, wood, ceramics, cloth, paper, and the like.
- the shape of the substrate is not particularly limited.
- the base material may be pretreated for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the base material and the coating film.
- the pretreatment method include a method of applying a silane coupling agent, polyethyleneimine or the like to the substrate, a method of physically treating the surface with sandblasting, a method of treating with corona discharge, or the like.
- Examples of the method for forming a coating film include a method in which the coating composition of the present invention is applied to a substrate to form a wet film, and the medium (C) is removed from the wet film to form a coating film.
- Examples of the application method include gravure coating, dip coating, die coating, electrostatic coating, brush coating, screen printing, roll coating, spin coating and the like.
- the state of the coating composition of the present invention when applied to the substrate may be any of the above-mentioned states (I) to (V). Even in a slurry state, each fine particle is in a state of being uniformly dispersed in the medium (C). Therefore, the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is dissolved in the medium (C).
- the medium (C) can be removed at a relatively low drying temperature by applying to the substrate at a coating temperature lower than the melting temperature. By making the coating temperature and the drying temperature relatively low, workability is improved and a dense and flat coating film can be obtained.
- the application temperature depends on the composition of the coating composition, but is preferably 0 to 210 ° C, more preferably 0 to 130 ° C, and further preferably 0 to 50 ° C.
- the coating temperature is 0 ° C. or higher, the dispersion state of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) is sufficient.
- the medium (C) does not volatilize rapidly, and thus generation of bubbles and the like can be suppressed.
- the removal temperature of the medium (C), that is, the drying temperature is preferably 0 to 350 ° C, more preferably 0 to 270 ° C, and further preferably 0 to 200 ° C. If the drying temperature is 0 ° C. or higher, it will not take too much time to remove the solvent. If the drying temperature is 350 ° C. or lower, the occurrence of coloring, decomposition, etc. can be suppressed. Although depending on the composition of the coating composition, the denseness of the coating film is improved by setting the drying temperature to be near the melting point of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and / or the thermoplastic resin (B).
- Optical field optical fiber, lens, optical disk, various optical films, etc.
- Solar cell field Condensing mirror, protective cover material made of glass or resin, transparent conductive member, etc.
- Display panel / display field Transparent materials (glass substrates and resin substrates) used for various display panels, etc.
- Electrical and electronic fields Various electrical and electronic parts, semiconductor elements, hybrid ICs, printed circuit boards, photosensitive drums, film capacitors, electric wires and cables, etc.
- Transportation equipment field various components such as trains, buses, trucks, automobiles, ships, aircraft, Architectural field: mirror, glass window, resin window, outer wall, roofing material, bridge, tunnel, etc.
- Medical field syringe, pipette, thermometer, etc.
- Chemical field Beakers, petri dishes, graduated cylinders, etc.
- Separation membrane field reverse osmosis membrane, nanofiltration membrane, gas separation membrane, bag filter, etc.
- the article having the coating film of the present invention described above has a coating film formed using the coating composition of the present invention
- the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin are used.
- a coating film having the characteristics of (B) can be formed.
- the use of the coating composition of the present invention eliminates the need for coating and drying at high temperatures, so that the base material can be decomposed or deformed even for materials having low heat resistance such as plastic paper and cloth.
- a coating film can be formed without causing any problems.
- the molded article of the present invention is a molded article containing the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) obtained by using the fluorine-containing copolymer composition obtained by the production method of the present invention. is there.
- the molded article usually forms a solid content composed of a mixture of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) separated from the fluorine-containing copolymer composition from the fluorine-containing copolymer composition.
- Examples of the solid content separation method include a method of filtering the slurry-containing fluorine-containing copolymer composition.
- As the filtration method a known method may be mentioned.
- a solvent having a low affinity for the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) ( Hereinafter, the precipitation may be completed by adding a poor solvent).
- the poor solvent include hexane and methanol.
- the separated solid content is preferably dried to remove the medium (C) and the poor solvent.
- drying means include a dry oven.
- the molding method a known method may be mentioned.
- the use of the molded article includes the same use as that of the article having a coating film.
- the molded article of the present invention described above is obtained by using the coating composition of the present invention, it has characteristics of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B). A coating film can be formed.
- Examples 1 to 35 are examples, and examples 36 to 40 are comparative examples.
- the concentration of the solid content of the contents in the reaction vessel (the total of the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B)) was 1 to 5% by mass. Whether or not the fluorine-containing copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) are dissolved in the medium (C) and become a solution is visually observed, and if the contents of the reaction vessel become a uniform and transparent solution The solution state was determined.
- the press film was produced using a heating press (Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd., SA-301).
- thickness About the press film shape
- the surface hardness was measured according to a pencil scratch test (JIS K5600).
- ETFE1 and ETFE4 were produced by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 3272474 or International Publication No. 2006/134664.
- ETFE 2 (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., Fluon (registered trademark) LM-720AP, melting point: 225 ° C.
- ETFE3 (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., Fluon (registered trademark) Z-8820X, melting point: 260 ° C.
- PE low density polyethylene (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 428043).
- PP Polypropylene (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 182389, weight average molecular weight: 250,000).
- EEA ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 2000581, ethyl acrylate: 18% by mass).
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 437247, vinyl acetate: 12% by mass).
- EAA ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 426717, acrylic acid: 5% by mass).
- P (E-graft-MA) ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 456632, maleic anhydride: 3% by mass).
- PC3FMA Poly (2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl methacrylate) (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 592080).
- PPO poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 181781).
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 427144).
- PMP poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 440043).
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 182230).
- PBT Polybutylene terephthalate (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 190942).
- PVC Polyvinyl chloride (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 81388).
- PA12 Polyamide 12 (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 181161). ABS: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 430129).
- PSf Polysulfone (manufactured by Solvay Advanced Polymers, Udel P-3500).
- AFLAS Tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer (AFLAS (registered trademark) 150E, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.).
- P (MMA-BMA) methyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate copolymer (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 474029, weight average molecular weight: 75000).
- PIBMA polyisobutyl methacrylate (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 445754, weight average molecular weight: 130000).
- PEMA Polyethylmethacrylate (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 182087, weight average molecular weight: 520000).
- PBMA Polybutylmethacrylate (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 181528, weight average molecular weight: 340000).
- PS polystyrene (manufactured by Aldrich, catalog number: 182427, weight average molecular weight: 280000).
- LF916F Chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., Lumiflon (registered trademark) LF916F).
- Example 1 In a 100 mL reaction vessel, 0.80 g of PE and 78.4 g of diisopropyl ketone were placed, and heated to 150 ° C. with stirring under airtightness to obtain a uniform and transparent solution. The solution was once cooled to room temperature with stirring to obtain a white slurry. When 0.80 g of ETFE1 was added to the slurry and heated to 150 ° C. with stirring, a uniform and transparent solution was obtained. When the reaction vessel was immersed in a methanol solution of dry ice and the solution was cooled to room temperature, a mixture of PE and ETFE1 was precipitated, and a white slurry was obtained.
- Examples 2 to 24 A mixture of the fluorinated copolymer (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 9 was changed. The results are shown in Table 9.
- Example 25 1.74 g of a mixture of PP and ETFE 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 9 was changed. Using a heating press machine, the mixture was subjected to hot press molding under the conditions of temperature: 205 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes, and a press film was produced. Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 26 A 100 mL reaction vessel was charged with 1.60 g of P (MMA-BMA), 2.40 g of ETFE1, and 76.0 g of diisopropyl ketone, and heated to 150 ° C. with stirring to obtain a uniform and transparent solution. .
- P (MMA-BMA) 2.40 g of ETFE1
- 76.0 g of diisopropyl ketone 7.60 g
- the reaction vessel was immersed in a methanol solution of dry ice and the solution was cooled to room temperature, a fine particle dispersion containing a mixture of P (MMA-BMA) and ETFE 1 that was uniform and free of sediment was obtained.
- the dispersion was added to 100 g of hexane and stirred for 15 minutes.
- the white precipitate thus deposited was filtered and then dried under reduced pressure at 70 ° C.
- Example 27 3.92 g of a mixture of PPO and ETFE 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the formulation shown in Table 9 was changed. Using a hot press machine, the mixture was hot press molded under the conditions of temperature: 190 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes, and a press film was produced. Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 28 4 of a mixture of PIBMA and ETFE1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 20 except that 0.3 g of PIBMA, 4.50 g of ETFE1 and 75.2 g of diisopropylketone were used and dissolved at 140 ° C. and methanol was used for reprecipitation. .66 g was obtained. Using a hot press machine, the mixture was hot press molded under the conditions of temperature: 170 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes, and a press film was produced. A transparent film was obtained.
- Example 29 A 20 mL reaction vessel was charged with 0.16 g of PIBMA, 0.16 g of ETFE4, and 15.7 g of 2-hexanone, and heated to 150 ° C. with stirring under a tight seal to obtain a uniform and transparent solution.
- a fine particle dispersion containing a mixture of ETFE4 and PIBMA that was uniform and free of sediment was obtained.
- the dispersion is applied on a glass substrate by potting at room temperature, air-dried, heated on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes and dried to form a coating film of a mixture of ETFE4 and PIBMA on the surface.
- a substrate was obtained. Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 30 to 35 A glass substrate on which a coating film was formed was obtained in the same manner as in Example 29 except that the formulation shown in Table 9 was changed. Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 36 Using a hot press machine, ETFE1 was hot-press molded under the conditions of temperature: 230 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes, and a press film was produced. Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 37 Using a hot press machine, PP was hot press molded under the conditions of temperature: 200 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes, and a press film was produced. Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 38 Using a hot press machine, (P (MMA-BMA) was hot press molded under the conditions of temperature: 230 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes, and a press film was produced. .
- Example 39 Using a heating press, temperature: 170 ° C., pressure: 10 Ma, time: 5 minutes (ETFE1 was hot-press molded to produce a press film. A very fragile and non-uniform film was obtained.
- Example 40 A glass substrate having a coating film of ETFE4 formed on the surface was obtained in the same manner as in Example 23 except that 0.32 g of ETFE4 was used without using the thermoplastic resin (B). Table 10 shows the evaluation results.
- the coating composition of the present invention can easily form a coating film containing a fluorine-containing copolymer (ETFE) having a repeating unit based on ethylene and a repeating unit based on TFE and another resin. Suitable for applications such as surface treatments that require flame resistance, chemical resistance, weather resistance, low friction, low dielectric properties, transparency, etc. It should be noted that the entire contents of the specification, claims, and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-094981 filed on April 16, 2010 are incorporated herein as the disclosure of the specification of the present invention. Is.
Abstract
Description
しかし、ETFEは、表面自由エネルギーが低く、他の樹脂との接着強度が不充分であり、接着が困難である。また、他の樹脂との混和性が低く、溶融混練によって混合しても、均一に混和、相溶させることは難しい。また、溶融混練した場合、高温に晒されるため、ETFEおよび他の樹脂の特性が劣化しやすい。
R=4×(δd-15.7)2+(δp-5.7)2+(δh-4.3)2 ・・・(1)。
ただし、δd、δpおよびδhは、それぞれ、溶媒のハンセン溶解度パラメータにおける分散項、極性項および水素結合項[(MPa)1/2]である。
前記媒体(C)として、前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と溶液状態を呈する温度範囲が230℃以下に存在する溶媒を用いることが好ましい。
前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と前記熱可塑性樹脂(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、99/1~1/99であることが好ましい。
前記媒体(C)の割合が、含フッ素共重合体組成物100質量%のうち10~99質量%であることが好ましい。
前記媒体(C)が、ジイソプロピルケトン、2-ヘキサノン、シクロヘキサノン、3’,5’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)アセトフェノン、2’,3’,4’,5’,6’-ペンタフルオロアセトフェノン、ベンゾトリフルオリド、または酢酸イソブチルであることが好ましい。
本発明の塗膜を有する物品は、本発明のコーティング用組成物を用いて形成された塗膜を有することを特徴とする。
本発明の成形品は、本発明の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物を用いて得られた、前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と前記熱可塑性樹脂(B)と含む成形品であることを特徴とする。
本発明のコーティング用組成物によれば、含フッ素共重合体と他の熱可塑性樹脂との特性を兼ね備えた塗膜を形成できる。
本発明の塗膜を有する物品は、含フッ素共重合体と他の熱可塑性樹脂との特性を兼ね備えた塗膜を有する。
本発明の成形品は、含フッ素共重合体と他の熱可塑性樹脂との特性を兼ね備える。
また、本明細書における「単量体」とは、重合反応性の炭素-炭素二重結合を有する化合物を意味する。
媒体(C)の4.95gに含フッ素共重合体(A)およびまたは熱可塑性樹脂(B)の合計0.10gを加え、撹拌手段等で常に充分な混合状態を保ちつつ加熱し、含フッ素共重合体(A)およびまたは熱可塑性樹脂(B)が溶解したかどうかを目視で観察する。まず、混合物が均一な溶液状態となって完全に溶解したと認められる温度を確認する。ついで、徐々に冷却して溶液が濁る温度を確認し、さらに再加熱して再び均一な溶液状態となる温度を溶解温度とする。
本発明の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法は、含フッ素共重合体(A)と、熱可塑性樹脂(B)と、媒体(C)とを含む含フッ素共重合体組成物を製造する方法であって、媒体(C)中、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)とを混合する方法である。
含フッ素共重合体(A)は、エチレンに基づく繰り返し単位とテトラフルオロエチレン(以下、TFEという。)に基づく繰り返し単位を有する共重合体である。
他の単量体としては、下記の化合物等が挙げられる。
フルオロプロピレン類:CF2=CFCF3、CF2=CHCF3、CH2=CHCF3等、
炭素数が2~12のフルオロアルキル基を有する(ポリフルオロアルキル)エチレン類:CF3CF2CH=CH2、CF3CF2CF2CF2CH=CH2、CF3CF2CF2CF2CF=CH2、CF2HCF2CF2CF=CH2等、
ペルフルオロビニルエーテル類:Rf(OCFXCF2)mOCF=CF2(ただし、Rfは、炭素数1~6のペルフルオロアルキル基であり、Xは、フッ素原子またはトリフルオロメチル基であり、mは、0~5の整数である。)等、
容易にカルボン酸基またはスルホン酸基に変換可能な基を有するペルフルオロビニルエーテル類;CH3OC(=O)CF2CF2CF2OCF=CF2、FSO2CF2CF2OCF(CF3)CF2OCF=CF2等、
オレフィン類:炭素数が3のオレフィン(プロピレン等)、炭素数が4のオレフィン(ブチレン、イソブチレン等)、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、シクロヘキセン、スチレン、α-メチルスチレン等(ただし、エチレンを除く。)、
ビニルエステル類:酢酸ビニル、乳酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル、ピバリン酸ビニル、安息香酸ビニル等、
アリルエステル類:酢酸アリル等、
ビニルエーテル類:メチルビニルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル、イソブチルビニルエーテル、tert-ブチルビニルエーテル、シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル、ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンビニルエーテル等、
(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類:(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸4-ヒドロキシブチル等、
(メタ)アクリルアミド類:(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等、
シアノ基含有単量体類:アクリロニトリル等、
ジエン類:イソプレン、1,3-ブタジエン等、
クロロオレフィン類:塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン等、
カルボン酸無水物と不飽和結合を含む化合物:無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸等。
他の単量体に基づく繰り返し単位の割合は、全繰り返し単位(100モル%)のうち、0.1~50モル%が好ましく、0.1~30モル%がより好ましく、0.1~20モル%がさらに好ましい。他の単量体に基づく繰り返し単位の割合が該範囲内であれば、実質的にエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位およびTFEに基づく繰り返し単位のみからなるETFEが有する特性を損なうことなく、高い溶解性、撥水性、撥油性、基材に対する接着性、熱可塑性樹脂(B)との反応性等の機能を付与できる。
カルボン酸基とは、カルボキシル基およびその塩(-COOM1)を意味する。ただし、M1は、カルボン酸と塩を形成し得る金属原子または原子団である。
スルホン酸基とは、スルホ基とその塩(-SO3M2)を意味する。ただし、M2は、スルホン酸と塩を形成し得る金属原子または原子団である。
(i)エチレンとTFEと他の単量体とを重合する際に、他の単量体の1つとして反応性官能基を有する単量体を共重合する方法。
(ii)エチレンとTFEと必要に応じて他の単量体とを共重合する際に、反応性官能基を有する重合開始剤、連鎖移動剤等を用いることによって含フッ素共重合体(A)の高分子末端に反応性官能基を導入する方法。
(iii)反応性官能基およびグラフト化が可能な官能基(不飽和結合等)を有する化合物(グラフト性化合物)を含フッ素共重合体(A)にグラフトさせる方法。
なお、反応性官能基以外に、含フッ素共重合体(A)に各種機能を付与するために必要に応じて導入される官能基についても、反応性官能基を導入する方法と同様の方法で含フッ素共重合体(A)に導入できる。
旭硝子社製:Fluon(登録商標)ETFE Series、Fluon(登録商標)LM Series、
ダイキン工業社製:ネオフロン(登録商標)、
Dyneon社製:Dyneon(登録商標)ETFE、
DuPont社製:Tefzel(登録商標)等。
含フッ素共重合体(A)の融点は、たとえば、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)装置によって測定される。
含フッ素共重合体(A)は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
熱可塑性樹脂(B)は、含フッ素共重合体(A)以外の熱可塑性樹脂である。
フッ素系樹脂としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、エチレン-クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体(ECTFE)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、ポリフッ化ビニル(PVF)、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン(PCTFE)、クロロトリフルオロエチレン-ビニルエーテル共重合体等が挙げられる。
熱可塑性樹脂(B)は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
媒体(C)は、少なくとも含フッ素共重合体(A)を溶解し得る溶媒である。
Charles M. Hansen著、「Hansen Solubility Parameters: A Users Handbook」、CRCプレス、2007年。
本発明においては、HSPiPバージョン3を用い、データベースに登録されている溶媒についてはその値を、登録されていない溶媒について推算値を用いる。
そして、溶解度試験に用いられなかったある溶媒のハンセン溶解度パラメータの座標が(δd、δp、δh)であった場合、該座標が溶解度球の内側に内包されれば、該溶媒は樹脂Xを溶解すると考えられる。一方、該座標が溶解度球の外側にあれば、該溶媒は樹脂Xを溶解することができないと考えられる。
R=4×(δd-15.7)2+(δp-5.7)2+(δh-4.3)2・・・(1)。
ただし、δd、δpおよびδhは、それぞれ、溶媒のハンセン溶解度パラメータにおける分散項、極性項および水素結合項[(MPa)1/2]である。
媒体(C)が2種以上の溶媒を組み合わせた混合溶媒の場合であっても、溶解指標(R)を、含フッ素共重合体(A)に対する溶解指標とすることができる。たとえば、混合溶媒の混合比(体積比)から平均のハンセン溶解度パラメータを求め、該平均値から溶解指標(R)を算出する。
メチルエチルケトン、2-ペンタノン、メチルイソプロピルケトン、2-ヘキサノン、メチルイソブチルケトン、ピナコリン、2-ヘプタノン、4-ヘプタノン、ジイソピロピルケトン、イソアミルメチルケトン、2-オクタノン、2-ノナノン、ジイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、2-メチルシクロヘキサノン、3-メチルシクロヘキサノン、4-エチルシクロヘキサノン、2,6-ジメチルシクロヘキサノン、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサノン、シクロヘプタノン、イソホロン、(-)-フェンコン、ギ酸プロピル、ギ酸イソプロピル、ギ酸ブチル、ギ酸イソブチル、ギ酸sec-ブチル、ギ酸アミル、ギ酸イソアミル、ギ酸ヘキシル、ギ酸ヘプチル、ギ酸オクチル、ギ酸2-エチルヘキシル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸sec-ブチル、酢酸アミル、酢酸イソアミル、酢酸ヘキシル、酢酸シクロヘキシル、酢酸ヘプチル、酢酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、酢酸2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル、酢酸2,2,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロプロピル、酢酸1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロピル、酢酸2,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)プロピル、酢酸2,2,3,3,4,4,4-ヘプタフルオロブチル、酢酸2,2,3,4,4,4-ヘキサフルオロブチル、酢酸2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-ノナフルオロペンチル、酢酸2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロペンチル、酢酸3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロヘキシル、酢酸4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-ノナフルオロヘプチル、酢酸2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-ドデカフルオロヘプチル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、プロピオン酸プロピル、プロピオン酸イソプロピル、プロピオン酸ブチル、プロピオン酸イソブチル、プロピオン酸sec-ブチル、プロピオン酸t-ブチル、プロピオン酸アミル、プロピオン酸イソアミル、プロピオン酸ヘキシル、プロピオン酸シクロヘキシル、酪酸メチル、酪酸エチル、酪酸プロピル、酪酸イソプロピル、酪酸ブチル、酪酸イソブチル、酪酸sec-ブチル、酪酸t-ブチル、酪酸アミル、酪酸イソアミル、イソ酪酸メチル、イソ酪酸エチル、イソ酪酸プロピル、イソ酪酸イソプロピル、イソ酪酸ブチル、イソ酪酸イソブチル、イソ酪酸sec-ブチル、イソ酪酸t-ブチル、イソ酪酸アミル、イソ酪酸イソアミル、吉草酸メチル、吉草酸エチル、吉草酸プロピル、吉草酸イソプロピル、吉草酸ブチル、吉草酸イソブチル、吉草酸sec-ブチル、吉草酸t-ブチル、イソ吉草酸メチル、イソ吉草酸エチル、イソ吉草酸プロピル、イソ吉草酸イソプロピル、イソ吉草酸ブチル、イソ吉草酸イソブチル、イソ吉草酸sec-ブチル、イソ吉草酸t-ブチル、ヘキサン酸メチル、ヘキサン酸エチル、ヘキサン酸プロピル、ヘキサン酸イソプロピル、ヘプタン酸メチル、ヘプタン酸エチル、オクタン酸メチル、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸メチル、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸エチル、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、こはく酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)、グルタル酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸プロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸ブチル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソブチル、トリフルオロ酢酸sec-ブチル、トリフルオロ酢酸t-ブチル、トリフルオロ酢酸アミル、トリフルオロ酢酸イソアミル、トリフルオロ酢酸ヘキシル、トリフルオロ酢酸シクロヘキシル、トリフルオロ酢酸ヘプチル、ジフルオロ酢酸エチル、ペルフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ペルフルオロブタン酸メチル、ペルフルオロブタン酸エチル、ペルフルオロペンタン酸メチル、ペルフルオロペンタン酸エチル、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロペンタン酸メチル、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロペンタン酸エチル、ペルフルオロヘプタン酸メチル、ペルフルオロヘプタン酸エチル、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-ドデカフルオロヘプタン酸メチル、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-ドデカフルオロヘプタン酸エチル、2-トリフルオロメチル-3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、2-トリフルオロメチル-3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、酢酸2-プロポキシエチル、酢酸2-ブトキシエチル、酢酸2-ペンチルオキシエチル、1-メトキシ-2-アセトキシプロパン、1-エトキシ-2-アセトキシプロパン、1-プロポキシ-2-アセトキシプロパン、1-ブトキシ-2-アセトキシプロパン、酢酸3-メトキシブチル、酢酸3-エトキシブチル、酢酸3-プロポキシブチル、酢酸3-メトキシ-3-メチルブチル、酢酸3-エトキシ-3-メチルブチル、酢酸4-メトキシブチル、酢酸4-エトキシブチル、酢酸4-プロポキシブチル、炭酸ジエチル、炭酸ジプロピル、炭酸ジブチル、ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)カーボネート、ビス(2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル)カーボネート、テトラヒドロフラン、ブチロニトリル、イソブチロニトリル、バレロニトリル、イソバレロニトリル、カプロニトリル、イソカプロニトリル、ヘプタンニトリル、オクタンニトリル、ノナンニトリル、3-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゾニトリル、ペンタフルオロ安息香酸メチル、ペンタフルオロ安息香酸エチル、3-(トリフルオロメチル)安息香酸メチル、4-(トリフルオロメチル)安息香酸メチル、3,5-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)安息香酸メチル、1-(ペンタフルオロフェニル)エタノール、ギ酸ペンタフルオロフェニル、酢酸ペンタフルオロフェニル、プロパン酸ペンタフルオロフェニル、ブタン酸ペンタフルオロフェニル、ペンタン酸ペンタフルオロフェニル、2’,3’,4’,5’,6’-ペンタフルオロアセトフェノン、3’,5’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)アセトフェノン、3’-(トリフルオロメチル)アセトフェノン、ペンタフルオロアニソール、3,5-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)アニソール、ペンタフルオロピリジン、4-クロロベンゾトリフルオリド、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、安息香酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、安息香酸2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル、安息香酸2,2,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロプロピル、安息香酸1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロピル、安息香酸2,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)プロピル、安息香酸2,2,3,3,4,4,4-ヘプタフルオロブチル、安息香酸2,2,3,4,4,4-ヘキサフルオロブチル、安息香酸2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-ノナフルオロペンチル、安息香酸2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロペンチル、フタル酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)、5-(ペルフルオロブチル)ビシクロ[2.2.1]-2-ヘプテン、5-(ペルフルオロブチル)ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタン、1,1,2,2,3,3,4-ヘプタフルオロシクロペンタン、1,1,1,2,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロプロポキシ)ペンタン、2,2,3,4,4,4-ヘキサフルオロ-1-ブタノール、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1-ペンタノール、2,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)-1-プロパノール、3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロ-1-ヘキサノール、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロ-2-(ペルフルオロプロピルオキシ)-1-プロパノール、4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-ノナフルオロ-1-ヘプタノール、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-ドデカフルオロ-1-ヘプタノール、3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロ-1-オクタノール、7,7,8,8,8-ペンタフルオロ-1-オクタノール、4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-トリデカフルオロ-1-ノナノール、7,8,8,8-テトラフルオロ-7-(トリフルオロメチル)-1-オクタノール。
媒体(C)として用い得る混合溶媒としては、具体的には、下記の組み合わせのものが挙げられる。
ジイソプロピルケトン(溶解温度:150℃)、
2-ヘキサノン(溶解温度:150℃)、
シクロヘキサノン(溶解温度:180℃)、
3’,5’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)アセトフェノン(溶解温度:150℃)、
2’,3’,4’,5’,6’-ペンタフルオロアセトフェノン(溶解温度:150℃)、
ベンゾトリフルオリド(溶解温度:150℃)、
酢酸イソブチル(溶解温度:150℃)。
ただし、括弧内の溶解温度は、含フッ素共重合体(A)が後述する実施例におけるETFE1の場合の溶解温度である。
上述した含フッ素共重合体(A)、熱可塑性樹脂(B)および媒体(C)の好ましい組み合わせについて説明する。本発明の含フッ素共重合体組成物において、含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)の組み合わせによって、上述した媒体溶媒(C)のうち、最適なものを選定することが望ましい。該媒体(C)としては、含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)を同時に溶解するものが好ましいことから、たとえば、下記のように選定できる。
含フッ素共重合体(A)としてETFEを用い、熱可塑性樹脂(B)としてポリスルホン(PSf)を用いる場合、ポリスルホンのハンセン溶解度パラメータの座標(δd,δp,δh)=(19.0,11.0,8.0、R:85.3)とETFEの溶媒として最適なジイソプロピルケトンの座標(15.7,5.7,4.3)との中点Pを求めると、(17.4,8.4,6.2、R:22.5)となる。この点Pから比較的近く、かつ前記Rが49未満である溶媒を選定する。この場合、たとえば、シクロヘキサノン((δd,δp,δh)=(17.8,8.4,5.1、R:25.6)が挙げられる。このような組み合わせとしては、下記のような組み合わせが他に挙げられる。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリメチルメタアクリレート((δd,δp,δh)=(18.6,10.5,5.1、R:57.3))、中点の座標(17.2,8.1,4.7、R:14.9)、
媒体(C):シクロヘキサノン((δd,δp,δh)=(17.8,8.4,5.1、R:25.6)。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリ塩化ビニル((δd,δp,δh)=(19.2,7.9,3.4、R:54.7))、中点の座標(17.5,6.8,3.9))、
媒体(C):シクロヘキサノン((δd,δp,δh)=(17.8,8.4,5.1、R:25.6)。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリアミド12((δd,δp,δh)=(18.5,8.1,9.1、R:60.2))、中点の座標(17.1,6.9,6.7))、
媒体(C):シクロヘキサノン((δd,δp,δh)=(17.8,8.4,5.1、R:25.6)。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリプロピレン((δd,δp,δh)=(18.0,0,1.0、R:64.5))、中点の座標(16.9,2.9,2.7))、
媒体(C):ジイソプロピルケトン((δd,δp,δh)=(15.7,5.7,4.3、R:0.0)。
含フッ素共重合体(A)のハンセン溶解度パラメータの座標に比較的近い座標をもつ熱可塑性樹脂(B)を選定した場合には、(1)の場合と同様に含フッ素共重合体(A)の溶媒として最適な座標および熱可塑性樹脂(B)の座標の中点の座標に近く、かつ前記Rが49未満である様な溶媒を選定する。また、単にRがなるべく小さい溶媒を選ぶこともできる。このような組み合わせとしては、下記のような組み合わせが挙げられる。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリエチレン((δd,δp,δh)=(16.9,0.8,2.8、R:32.0))、中点の座標(16.3,3.3,3.6,R:7.7))、
媒体(C):ジイソプロピルケトン((δd,δp,δh)=(15.7,5.7,4.3、R:0.0)。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレン オキシド)((δd,δp,δh)=(17.9,3.1,8.5、R:43.8))、中点の座標(16.8,4.4,6.4、R:10.9))、
媒体(C):ジイソプロピルケトン((δd,δp,δh)=(15.7,5.7,4.3、R:0.0)。
熱可塑性樹脂(B):ポリエチルメタアクリレート((δd,δp,δh)=(17.6,9.7,4.0、R:30.5))、中点の座標(16.7,7.7,4.2、R:8.0)、
媒体(C):2-ヘキサノン((δd,δp,δh)=(15.3,6.1,4.1、R:0.8)。
含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との混合は、媒体(C)中、含フッ素共重合体(A)が媒体(C)に溶解する溶解温度以上かつ含フッ素共重合体(A)の融点以下にて行う。
混合の際、熱可塑性樹脂(B)は、溶液状態であってもよく、分散液状態であってもよい。含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との混和性、相溶性の点から、溶液状態が好ましい。
(α)熱可塑性樹脂(B)を媒体(C)に溶解または分散させた後、これに含フッ素共重合体(A)を加えて溶解させ、混合する方法。
(β)含フッ素共重合体(A)を媒体(C)に溶解させた後、これに熱可塑性樹脂(B)を加えて溶解または分散させ、混合する方法。
(γ)含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)を媒体(C)に加え、含フッ素共重合体(A)を溶解させるとともに、熱可塑性樹脂(B)を溶解または分散させ、混合する方法。
(δ)含フッ素共重合体(A)を媒体(C)の一部に溶解させたものと、熱可塑性樹脂(B)を媒体(C)の残部に溶解または分散させたものとを混合する方法。
混合の際の上限温度は、含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)の特性の劣化を抑える点から、230℃以下がより好ましく、200℃以下が最も好ましい。
(α)、(β)、(γ)の方法の場合、混合の際の下限温度は、充分な溶解状態を得る点から、含フッ素共重合体(A)が媒体(C)に溶解する溶解温度以上で、かつ0℃以上が好ましく、20℃以上がより好ましい。一方、(δ)の方法の場合、含フッ素共重合体(A)を媒体(C)の一部に溶解させた後、微粒子として媒体中に析出したものと、熱可塑性樹脂(B)を媒体(C)の残部に溶解または分散させたものとを混合する際に、必ずしも含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)を媒体(C)に再度溶解させる必要はない。
加熱が必要な場合は、各成分の混合および加熱は同時に行ってもよく、各成分を混合した後、必要に応じて撹拌しながら加熱してもよい。
加圧下に混合する場合には、撹拌機付きオートクレーブ等の装置を用いてもよい。撹拌翼としては、マリンプロペラ翼、パドル翼、アンカー翼、タービン翼等が挙げられる。小スケールで行う場合には、マグネティックスターラー等を用いてもよい。
本発明の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物は、必要に応じて、前記媒体(C)以外の媒体または後で述べる各種添加剤等を含んでもよいが、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)と媒体(C)からなる組成物であるのが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物を、含フッ素共重合体(A)およびまたは熱可塑性樹脂(B)が媒体(C)中に析出する条件下(通常は常温常圧下)におくことで、含フッ素共重合体(A)および/または熱可塑性樹脂(B)が単独で、または混合物として媒体(C)中に析出し、スラリー(分散液)が得られる。
また、含フッ素共重合体(A)、熱可塑性樹脂(B)および媒体(C)の種類によっては、含フッ素共重合体(A)の微粒子が媒体(C)中に析出し、スラリーが得られる。この際、熱可塑性樹脂(B)は媒体(C)中に溶解または分散している状態となる。
具体的には、本発明の製造方法を加熱下で行った場合、得られた溶液を含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)、または含フッ素共重合体(A)のみが析出する温度以下の温度(通常は常温)まで冷却することにより混合物または含フッ素共重合体(A)の微粒子を媒体(C)中に析出させる。冷却の方法は、徐冷であってもよく、急冷であってもよい。
(I)含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)の均一な混合物の微粒子が媒体(C)中に析出したスラリー状態。
(II)含フッ素共重合体(A)の微粒子が媒体(C)中に析出し、熱可塑性樹脂(B)が媒体(C)に溶解したままのスラリー状態。
(III)熱可塑性樹脂(B)の微粒子の表面に含フッ素共重合体(A)が析出してなるコアシェル型微粒子が媒体(C)中に析出したスラリー状態。
(IV)熱可塑性樹脂(B)の微粒子が媒体(C)中に分散し、含フッ素共重合体(A)が媒体(C)に溶解したままのスラリー状態。
(V)含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)が媒体(C)に溶解した溶液状態。
以上説明した本発明の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法にあっては、含フッ素共重合体(A)が媒体(C)に溶解する溶解温度以上かつ前記含フッ素共重合体(A)の融点以下にて、媒体(C)中、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)とを混合する。
熱可塑性樹脂(B)も媒体(C)に溶解する場合は、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)とが均一に混合した混合物の微粒子、または溶液が得られる。
熱可塑性樹脂(B)が媒体(C)に溶解しない場合は、熱可塑性樹脂(B)の微粒子の表面に含フッ素共重合体(A)が析出してなるコアシェル型微粒子、または含フッ素共重合体(A)の溶液中に熱可塑性樹脂(B)の微粒子が均一に分散した分散液が得られる。
このように本発明の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法によれば、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)とを比較的低温にて均一に混合できる。
本発明のコーティング用組成物は、本発明の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物と、必要に応じて各種添加剤とを含むものである。
本発明のコーティング用組成物の状態は、上述の(I)~(V)の状態のいずれであってもよい。
また、本発明のコーティング用組成物における含フッ素共重合体(A)の含有量は、目的とする塗膜の厚さに応じて適宜変えることができる。塗膜の形成性の観点から、含フッ素共重合体(A)の割合は、コーティング用組成物(100質量%)のうち、0.05~50質量%であるのが好ましく、0.1~30質量%がより好ましい。前記含有量がこの範囲にあると粘度、乾燥速度、膜の均一性等の取り扱い性に優れ、均質な塗膜を形成できる。
添加剤としては、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、架橋剤、滑剤、可塑剤、増粘剤、分散安定剤、充填剤(フィラー)、強化剤、顔料、染料、難燃剤、帯電防止剤等が挙げられる。
添加剤の合計の割合は、コーティング用組成物(100質量%)のうち、30質量%以下が好ましい。
本発明のコーティング用組成物の用途としては、下記の用途が挙げられる。
光学分野:光ファイバのクラッド材、レンズ等、各種光学フィルムの保護コート剤、防汚コート剤、低反射コート剤等、
太陽電池分野:保護カバー材、透明導電部材、バックシート等の保護コート剤、ガスバリア層、薄板ガラスのサポート樹脂層、接着層等、
表示パネル・ディスプレイ分野:各種表示パネル(液晶表示パネル、プラズマディスプレイパネル、エレクトロクロミックディスプレイパネル、エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイパネル、タッチパネル)に用いられる透明部材の保護コート剤、防汚コート剤、低反射コート剤;薄板ガラスのサポート樹脂等、
電気・電子分野:光ディスク、液晶セル、プリント基板、感光ドラム等の各種電気・電子部品の保護コート剤、撥水コート剤、低反射コート剤;半導体素子や集積回路装置における層間絶縁膜、保護膜;ソルダーマスク、ソルダーレジスト、IC封止剤、電気絶縁性の被覆材等、
輸送機器分野:各種部材(表示機器表面材等の外装部材、計器盤表面材等の内装部材、安全ガラス用積層材等)の保護コート剤、防汚コート剤、低反射コート剤等、
建築分野:鏡、ガラス窓、樹脂窓等の保護コート剤、防汚コート剤、低反射コート剤等;建築用部材のシーラント部分、シーラントの防汚コート剤等、
分離膜分野:膜モジュール製造における接着剤、防汚コート剤;逆浸透膜、ナノ濾過膜等の機能層;二酸化炭素、水素等を分離するガス分離膜の機能層;バグフィルターの濾布の保護コート剤、防汚コート剤等、
その他:ゴム・プラスチックの保護コート剤、耐候・防汚コート剤;繊維・布帛の保護コート剤;防錆塗料、樹脂付着防止剤、インキ付着防止剤、ラミネート鋼板用プライマー、各種接着剤、結着剤等。
また、集光型太陽熱発電に用いられる集光用ミラーの保護コート剤、防汚コート剤;集光ミラーの裏打ち樹脂等の封止部分の保護コート剤として本発明のコーティング用組成物を用いれば、含フッ素共重合体(A)の有する高耐熱性、低吸水性といった特性によって、高耐久性でメンテナンスを必要としない発電システムを得ることができる。
以上説明した本発明のコーティング用組成物にあっては、本発明の製造方法で得られた、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)とが均一に混合された含フッ素共重合体組成物を含むため、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との特性を兼ね備えた塗膜を形成できる。
本発明の塗膜を有する物品は、本発明のコーティング用組成物を用いて形成された塗膜を基材の表面に有するものである。塗膜は、基材と分離することによって、フィルムとして用いてもよい。
本発明のコーティング用組成物を用いて形成された塗膜またはフィルムは、溶融成形で得られるETFEフィルムに比べて、薄くかつ均一である。
塗膜またはフィルムの厚さは、用途に応じて適宜決定すればよい。固形分濃度の高いコーティング用組成物を用いれば、厚みのある塗膜が得られ、固形分濃度の低いコーティング用組成物を用いれば、薄い塗膜が得られる。また、塗布を複数回繰り返して行うことによって、より厚みのある塗膜を得ることもできる。
基材の材料としては、金属類(鉄、ステンレス鋼、アルミニウム、チタン、銅、銀等)、ガラス類(ソーダライムガラス、シリケートガラス、合成石英等)、シリコン、有機材料(ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)、ガラス繊維強化プラスチック(FRP)、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)等)、石材、木材、セラミックス、布、紙等が挙げられる。
基材の形状は、特に限定されない。
塗膜の形成方法としては、本発明のコーティング用組成物を基材に塗布してウエット膜を形成し、ウエット膜から媒体(C)を除去して塗膜とする方法が挙げられる。
塗布方法としては、グラビアコーティング、ディップコーティング、ダイコーティング、静電塗装、刷毛塗り、スクリーン印刷、ロールコーティング、スピンコーティング等が挙げられる。
塗膜を有する物品の用途としては、下記の用途が挙げられる。
光学分野:光ファイバ、レンズ、光ディスク、各種光学フィルム等、
太陽電池分野:集光用ミラー、ガラスまたは樹脂で構成された保護カバー材、透明導電部材等、
表示パネル・ディスプレイ分野:各種表示パネルに用いられる透明部材(ガラス基板および樹脂基板)等、
電気・電子分野:各種電気・電子部品、半導体素子、ハイブリッドIC、プリント基板、感光ドラム、フィルムコンデンサ、電線・ケーブル等、
輸送機器分野:電車、バス、トラック、自動車、船舶、航空機等の各種部材、
建築分野:鏡、ガラス窓、樹脂窓、外壁、屋根材、橋、トンネル等、
医療分野:注射器、ピペット、体温計等、
化学分野:ビーカー類、シャーレ、メスシリンダー等、
分離膜分野:逆浸透膜、ナノ濾過膜、ガス分離膜、バグフィルター等。
以上説明した本発明の塗膜を有する物品にあっては、本発明のコーティング用組成物を用いて形成された塗膜を有するものであるため、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との特性を兼ね備えた塗膜を形成できる。
また、本発明のコーティング用組成物を用いることによって、塗布や乾燥を高温で行う必要がなくなることから、プラスチック紙、布のような耐熱性の低い材料に対しても、基材の分解または変形を起こさずに塗膜を形成できる。
本発明の成形品は、本発明の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物を用いて得られた、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)と含む成形品である。
含フッ素共重合体組成物が溶液状態(または溶液状態とスラリー状態が混在した状態)の場合は、含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)に対して親和性の低い溶媒(以下、貧溶媒という。)を加えて析出を完全なものにしてもよい。貧溶媒としては、ヘキサン、メタノール等が挙げられる。
成形方法としては、公知の方法が挙げられる。
成形品の用途としては、塗膜を有する物品の用途と同様の用途が挙げられる。
以上説明した本発明の成形品にあっては、本発明のコーティング用組成物を用い得られたものであるため、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との特性を兼ね備えた塗膜を形成できる。
例1~35は実施例であり、例36~40は比較例である。
実施例における媒体(C)中での含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との混合は、特に記載がない限り、下記のようにして行った。
反応容器としては、肉厚:4.5mm、外径:35mmの硼珪酸ガラス製耐圧反応容器を用いた。反応容器内には撹拌子を入れ、内容物をよく撹拌した。
反応容器は、温度制御されたオイルバス、ヒートブロック、マントルヒーター、またはマイクロウェーブ加熱装置を用いて加熱した。
反応容器内の内容物の固形分(含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)の合計)の濃度は、1~5質量%とした。
含フッ素共重合体(A)および熱可塑性樹脂(B)が媒体(C)に溶解し、溶液状態なったかどうかは、目視で観察し、反応容器の内容物が均一で透明な溶液となれば溶液状態と判定した。
プレスフィルムの作製は、加熱プレス機(テスター産業社製、SA-301)を用いて行った。
加熱プレス機で成形したプレスフィルムからダンベル形状の試験片(長さ:45mm、平行部分の長さ:22mm、幅:5mm、厚さ:約100μm)を作製した。オリエンテック社製、Tensilon RTC-1210を用い、下記の条件にて降伏点応力、破断点伸度を測定した。
つかみ具間距離:22mm、
引張速度:10mm/分、
温度:25℃、
相対湿度:50%、
その他の条件:JIS K7113(プラスチックの引張試験方法)に準じた。
加熱プレス機で成形したプレスフィルム、ポッティングで得られた塗膜については、触針式表面形状測定器(Sloan社製、DEKTAK 3ST)にて厚さを測定した。
ポッティング以外の方法で得られた塗膜については、非接触光学式薄膜測定装置(フィルメトリクス社製、Filmetrics F-20)にて厚さを測定した。
表面硬度は、鉛筆引っかき試験(JIS K5600)に準じて測定した。
ETFE1及びETFE4は、特許第3272474号公報または国際公開第2006/134764号パンフレットに記載の方法で製造した。
ETFE1:繰り返し単位の割合(モル比):TFE/エチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン/3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロ-1-ヘキセン/無水イタコン酸=47.7/42.5/8.4/1.2/0.2、融点:188℃。
ETFE2:(旭硝子社製、Fluon(登録商標)LM-720AP、融点:225℃。
ETFE3:(旭硝子社製、Fluon(登録商標)Z-8820X、融点:260℃。
ETFE4:繰り返し単位の割合(モル比):TFE/エチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン/3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロ-1-ヘキセン/無水イタコン酸=44.6/45.6/8.1/1.3/0.4、融点:192℃。
PE:低密度ポリエチレン(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:428043)。
PP:ポリプロピレン(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:182389、重量平均分子量:250000)。
EEA:エチレン-エチルアクリレート共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:200581、エチルアクリレート:18質量%)。
EVA:エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:437247、酢酸ビニル:12質量%)。
EAA:エチレン-アクリル酸共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:426717、アクリル酸:5質量%)。
P(E-graft-MA):エチレン-無水マレイン酸共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:456632、無水マレイン酸:3質量%)。
PPO:ポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレン オキシド)(Aldrich社製 カタログ番号:181781)。
PVDF:ポリフッ化ビニリデン(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:427144)。
PMP:ポリ(4-メチル-1-ペンテン)(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:440043)。
PMMA:ポリメチルメタアクリレート(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:182230、)。
PBT:ポリブチレンテレフタレート(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:190942)。
PVC:ポリ塩化ビニル(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:81388)。
ABS:アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:430129)。
P(VDC-VC):塩化ビニリデン-塩化ビニル共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:437107)。
MS:無水マレイン酸-スチレン共重合体(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:462896)。
PSf:ポリスルホン(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ社製、ユーデルP-3500)。
AFLAS:テトラフルオロエチレン-プロピレン共重合体(旭硝子社製、AFLAS(登録商標)150E)。
PIBMA:ポリイソブチルメタアクリレート(Aldrich社製、カタログ番号:445754、重量平均分子量:130000)。
PEMA:ポリエチルメタアクリレート(Aldrich社製 カタログ番号:182087、重量平均分子量:520000)。
PBMA:ポリブチルメタアクリレート(Aldrich社製 カタログ番号:181528、重量平均分子量:340000)。
PS:ポリスチレン(Aldrich社製 カタログ番号:182427、重量平均分子量:280000)。
LF916F:クロロトリフルオロエチレン-ビニルエーテル共重合体(旭硝子社製、ルミフロン(登録商標)LF916F)。
100mLの反応容器に、PEの0.80g、ジイソプロピルケトンの78.4gを入れ、密閉下撹拌しながら150℃に加熱し、均一で透明な溶液とした。該溶液を一旦室温まで撹拌しながら冷却し、白色のスラリーを得た。該スラリーに、ETFE1の0.80gを入れ、撹拌しながら150℃に加熱したところ、均一で透明な溶液となった。反応容器をドライアイスのメタノール液に浸漬して、該溶液を室温まで冷却したところ、PEとETFE1との混合物が析出し、白色のスラリーが得られた。該スラリーをヘキサンの100gに加えて15分撹拌した。濾過後、70℃で15時間減圧乾燥し、PEとETFE1との混合物の1.44gを得た。結果を表9に示す。
表9に示す配合に変更した以外は例1と同様にして、含フッ素共重合体(A)と熱可塑性樹脂(B)との混合物を得た。結果を表9に示す。
表9に示す配合に変更した以外は例1と同様にして、PPとETFE1との混合物の1.74gを得た。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:205℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にて該混合物を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。評価結果を表10に示す。
100mLの反応容器に、P(MMA-BMA)の1.60g、ETFE1の2.40g、ジイソプロピルケトンの76.0gを入れ、撹拌しながら150℃に加熱したところ、均一で透明な溶液となった。反応容器をドライアイスのメタノール液に浸漬して、該溶液を室温まで冷却したところ、均一で沈降物のないP(MMA-BMA)とETFE1との混合物を含む微粒子分散液が得られた。該分散液をヘキサンの100gに加えて15分間撹拌した。析出した白色沈殿を濾過した後、70℃で15時間減圧乾燥し、P(MMA-BMA)とETFE1との混合物の3.76gを得た。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:230℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にて該混合物を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。評価結果を表10に示す。
表9に示す配合に変更した以外は例1と同様にして、PPOとETFE1との混合物の3.92gを得た。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:190℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にて該混合物を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。評価結果を表10に示す。
PIBMAの0.3g、ETFE1の4.50g、ジイソプロピルケトンの75.2gを用い、140℃で溶解し、再沈殿にメタノールを用いる以外は例20と同様にして、PIBMAとETFE1との混合物の4.66gを得た。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:170℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にて該混合物を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製しところ、透明なフィルムが得られた。
20mLの反応容器に、PIBMAの0.16g、ETFE4の0.16g、2-ヘキサノンの15.7gを入れ、密閉下撹拌しながら150℃に加熱したところ、均一で透明な溶液となった。該反応容器を室温で徐々に冷却したところ、均一で沈降物のないETFE4とPIBMAとの混合物を含む微粒子分散液が得られた。該分散液をガラス基板上に室温でポッティングにより塗布し、風乾した後、100℃のホットプレート上で3分間加熱して乾燥し、表面にETFE4とPIBMAとの混合物の塗膜が形成されたガラス基板を得た。評価結果を表10に示す。
表9に示す配合に変更した以外は例29と同様にして、塗膜が形成されたガラス基板を得た。評価結果を表10に示す。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:230℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にてETFE1を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。評価結果を表10に示す。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:200℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にてPPを加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。評価結果を表10に示す。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:230℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にて(P(MMA-BMA)を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。評価結果を表10に示す。
加熱プレス機を用いて、温度:170℃、圧力:10Ma、時間:5分間の条件にて(ETFE1を加熱プレス成形し、プレスフィルムを作製した。非常に脆く不均一なフィルムが得られた。
熱可塑性樹脂(B)を用いないで、ETFE4の0.32gを用いた以外は例23と同様にして、表面にETFE4の塗膜が形成されたガラス基板を得た。評価結果を表10に示す。
なお、2010年4月16日に出願された日本特許出願2010-094981号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Claims (10)
- エチレンに基づく繰り返し単位とテトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位を有する含フッ素共重合体(A)と、
熱可塑性樹脂(B)(ただし、前記含フッ素共重合体(A)を除く。)と、
少なくとも前記含フッ素共重合体(A)を溶解し得る媒体(C)と
を含む含フッ素共重合体組成物を製造する方法であって、
前記含フッ素共重合体(A)が前記媒体(C)に溶解する溶解温度以上かつ前記含フッ素共重合体(A)の融点以下にて、前記媒体(C)中、前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と前記熱可塑性樹脂(B)とを混合する、含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。 - 前記媒体(C)として、下式(1)で表わされる溶解指標(R)が49未満である溶媒を用いる、請求項1に記載の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。
R=4×(δd-15.7)2+(δp-5.7)2+(δh-4.3)2 ・・・(1)。
ただし、δd、δpおよびδhは、それぞれ、溶媒のハンセン溶解度パラメータにおける分散項、極性項および水素結合項[(MPa)1/2]である。 - 前記含フッ素共重合体(A)における、エチレンおよびテトラフルオロエチレン以外の単量体に基づく繰り返し単位の割合が、全繰り返し単位(100モル%)のうち、0.1~50モル%である、請求項1または2に記載の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 前記媒体(C)として、前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と溶液状態を呈する温度範囲が230℃以下に存在する溶媒を用いる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と前記熱可塑性樹脂(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、99/1~1/99である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 前記媒体(C)の割合が、含フッ素共重合体組成物100質量%のうち10~99質量%である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 前記媒体(C)が、ジイソプロピルケトン、2-ヘキサノン、シクロヘキサノン、3’,5’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)アセトフェノン、2’,3’,4’,5’,6’-ペンタフルオロアセトフェノン、ベンゾトリフルオリド、または酢酸イソブチルである、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の含フッ素共重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物を含む、コーティング用組成物。
- 請求項8に記載のコーティング用組成物を用いて形成された塗膜を有する物品。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の製造方法で得られた含フッ素共重合体組成物を用いて得られた、前記含フッ素共重合体(A)と前記熱可塑性樹脂(B)と含む成形品。
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Also Published As
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KR20130072188A (ko) | 2013-07-01 |
TW201207008A (en) | 2012-02-16 |
JPWO2011129407A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
US20130053493A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
CN102892814A (zh) | 2013-01-23 |
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