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Structure and Function

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Shrimps

Part of the book series: Fish & Fisheries Series ((FIFI,volume 42))

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Abstract

The functional external anatomy of decapod shrimps is described from “stem to stern” and compared among the major taxa. The segmental shrimp body of 19 somites is divided into a cephalothorax, protected by the carapace, and abdomen. Gills vary in structure (dendro-, phyllo-, and trichobranchs) among major shrimp taxa, as well as position (podo-, arthro-, and pleurobranchs) within the gill chamber. The leaf-like epipods variously function as respiratory and gill-cleaning structures. The number and kind of gills and epipods are displayed with branchial formulae, useful in taxonomy and systematics. The basic shrimp appendage is composed of 7 segments, the basal coxa and basis, primitively flagellar exopod and 5-segmented endopod. The cephalon bears the eyes and two pairs of sensory antennae, mouthparts (mandibles and two pair of maxillae), while the thorax carries three pairs of maxillipeds which process food, followed by five pairs of pereopods. The anterior 2–3 pereopods are usually modified into chelae (pincers, claws) used in food gathering, grooming behavior and as weapons. The third or fourth and fifth pereopods are walking legs. The pleopods are forward swimming paddles, but the anterior two may be modified in males as genitalia. The sixth pair of abdominal limbs (uropods) form, along with the terminal telson, a broad paddle-like tail fan used in backward swimming and steering.

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  1. Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA

    Raymond T. Bauer

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Bauer, R.T. (2023). Structure and Function. In: Shrimps. Fish & Fisheries Series, vol 42. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20966-6_2

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